Презентация на тему ecological problems. Презентация на английском языке «Экология и экологические проблемы

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Ecology Or Technology

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Ecological Problems

Ecology is a science about nature surrounding us.

The main ecological problems are:

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Many rivers and lakes nowadays are polluted with different waist products, which are very harmful for plants and animals living in them. Some species are extinct today. Water in the majority of rivers and lakes has become undrinkable.

In big industrial towns and cities the air is very dirty. Sometimes people have to close the windows not to let it in. When it is not windy smog is hanging over the city and people breathe in poisonous substances.

Some waist products are buried in the ground , they poison soil and make harm to the plants which grow on it .

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Where Does Acid Rain Come from?

People have leaved on the Earth for thousands of years. They tried to make their life safer, easier and more comfortable. They have built big houses, huge factories and plants, lots of different cars and machines and power stations.

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Where Does Acid Rain Come From?

The smoke from cars, factories and power stations go into the air. This smoke contains sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. These substances mix with water vapour in the atmosphere and form sulphuric acid and nitric acid. Sunlight turns these acids into poisonous oxidants which fall in rain or snow onto the trees.

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How Does Acid Rain Influence Trees?

Acid rain influences deciduous trees like oak, beech and birch as well as coniferous trees like fir and pine. First the branches turn yellow and brown. Then the trees" needles or leaves fall. The roots and trunk shrink. Finally trees die. In the Black Forest in southern Germany 75% of the trees have been damaged or killed.

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Why Are Trees So Important ?

Trees are important because they provide a home for many other plants, and animals too. They protect the flowers which grow on the forest floor. They provide food for insects, reptiles, birds and mammals. They protect the soil from the wind and the rain. Most important of all, the forests are the lungs of the planet. Trees produce the oxygen which we breathe. If the trees die, we will, too.

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ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS Plan: Man-the child of nature Ecological problems Discourse about the problems Ecological organizations Conclusion

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Man-the child of nature We live on a very beautiful planet – on the Earth. Our planet has very rich resources: the bright blue of the sky, fresh, crystal-clear mountain lake water, the rich green of the mountains slopes, wild flower, picturesque views – all these sceneries of nature fill us with admiration. That’s why those who live in cities prefer spending their days off and their holidays far from the noise of the city, to be closer to nature. Perhaps they like to breathe fresh air or to swim in clear water because the ecology is not so poor as in the cities.

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Ecological problems Ecology is the study of the ways in which organisms (plants and animals) depend upon each other and upon their surroundings. Each organism requires conditions in order to be able to live and breed. These conditions are its environment by changing the ecological conditions.

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So, pollution is one of the most burning problems of nowadays. Now millions of chimneys, cars, buses, trucks all over the world exhaust fumes and harmful substances into the atmosphere. These poisoned substances pollute everything: air, land, water, birds, animals and people. So, it is usually hard to breathe in the large cities where there are lots plants. Everything there is covered with soot and dirt. It affects harmfully on people’s health.

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Water pollution is very serious, too. Ugly rivers of dirty water are polluted with factory waste, poisoned fish are all-round us. And polluted air and poisoned water lead to the end of the civilization. So, nowadays a lot of dead lands and lifeless areas have appeared. Because our actions and dealings can turn the land to a desert.

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The Baltic Sea is a special case. Because it is such a small sea and it becomes dirty very easily. Its waster changes slowly through the shallow straits. As many as 250 rivers run into the Baltic. There are hundreds of factories in these rivers and millions of people live along them. Quite a lot of big cities lie on its coast. All these combined with the active navigation of the sea naturally affects the state of the sea water and the shore line flora and fauna. People suffer from the waster pollution; cancer deaths increase people’s concern.

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And there is no escape from this ecological crisis without organizing a single body dealing with the environmental problems, developing and carrying out a nationwide program of environmental protection and co-operating with international schemes.

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Discourse about problem So, we see that our environment offers an abundance of subject matter for discussion. The problems and prospects of the blue planet interest not only scientist and futurologists, but also politicians, industry, the public – and above all, young people! There is hardly a young person who is not conserved with the preservation of our natural habitat. To recognize environmental problems and master them, to reduce and avoid environmental pollution, to discover and develop ecologically sound technologies – there are the essential building blocks for our future.

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Whether scientist or politicians, bankers or students, whether Greek, Norwegian, Hungarian or Finn … all are encouraged to make a contribution towards protecting the environment. Dedication and the courage to change one’s way of thinking are called for.

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Population Fears Scientists now predict that by the year 2050 the population will be doubled what is today. The fact remains that the rate of food production fell behind population growth in many of developing countries. The annual fish catch already exceeds what the world ‘s oceans can successfully sustain. If we go on using our natural recourses at today’s rates, we will have used up the entire reserves of cooper, natural gas and oil by the year 2054.

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But the problem ahead lie not so much in what we use but in what we waste. What faces us is not so much a recourse crisis as a pollution crisis. The only solution is to try to change the areas of consumption, technology and population. Changes in technology must be baked by slower population growth. And it can be achieved by education in health and women’s rights. And there is a little hope of reducing consumption over the next half century.

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Nowadays there are many different pressure and interests groups in the world, which try to find solutions to the problems of pollution at the national and international level. So they are groups of people with a common interest in trying to draw the public attention to environment problems, to influence the government decisions.

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Ecological organizations There are many ecological organizations in the world, but I can tell you only about seven of them, because they are most famous. At first I’ll tell you about “Kids F.A.C.E”. The main mission of “Kids F.A.C.E” is to provide information, to encourage and facilitate youth’s involvement with effective environmental action. Membership of organization is free for all. “Kids F.A.C.E” started in 1989.

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Greenpeace is an organization whose members work actively to protect the environment from damage, caused by industrial processes or military activities. Greenpeace has been campaigning against environmental degradation since 1971.

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PeTA (people for the ethical treatment of animals) is one of the largest animal right organization in the world. PETA is dedicated to establishing and protecting the right of all animal. This organization focuses their attention on the areas in which the largest numbers of animals suffer more intensely for the longest periods of time. Founded in 1980.

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ISSG (invasive species specialist group) aims to reduce threats to natural ecosystems and the natural species they contain by increasing awareness of invasive alien species. ISSG is a global group of scientific and policy experts on invasive species from 41 countries.

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RSPCA (the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) has been working since 1824,promoting kindness to animals, trying to prevent cruelty to them. This organization called the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals because Queen Victoria gave her permission for the RSPCA to be called that.

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Ecology Problems Since ancient times nature has served man, being the source of his life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and it seemed to them that natural riches were unlimited. But with the development of civilization man’s interference in nature began to increase. Large cities with thousands of smoky industrial enterprises have appeared all over the world today. The byproduct of their activity pollutes the air we breathe, the water we drink, the land we grow grain and vegetables.

• Since ancient times nature has served man, being the source of his life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and it seemed to them that natural riches were unlimited. But with the development of civilization man’s interference in nature began to increase. Large cities with thousands of smoky industrial enterprises have appeared all over the world today. The byproduct of their activity pollutes the air we breathe, the water we drink, the land we grow grain and vegetables.

PLASTIC POLLUTION

RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION

Not only nuclear power plants but many of our «peaceful» factories and towns cause a great damage to the environment. Dangerous dust and blow-outs of the enterprises are being carried out by winds for long distances destroying the life around. People all over the world are worried about what is happening to the environment. They understand that the earth is their home, a big green home. The environment protection should be our universal concern.

• Not only nuclear power plants but many of our «peaceful» factories and towns cause a great damage to the environment. Dangerous dust and blow-outs of the enterprises are being carried out by winds for long distances destroying the life around. People all over the world are worried about what is happening to the environment. They understand that the earth is their home, a big green home. The environment protection should be our universal concern.

• Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000 million tons of dust and harmful substances. Many cities suffer from smog. Vast forests are cut and burn in fire. Their disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. As a result some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever, a number of lakes and rivers dry up. The pollution of air and the world’s ocean destruction of the ozone layer is the result of man’s careless interaction with nature, a sign of ecological crises.

Siberian Tigers are on the

verge of extinction.

• Global warming process of the gradual increase fair-annual temperature of the atmosphere of the Land and World ocean.
• The Scientists were defined: uncontrolled surges in atmosphere and other thoughtless behaviour of the person was a reason of the steady change the climate, capable completely to change the planet. The Danger of the global catastrophe has acknowledged the government and folk of the developed countries of the world.

A new study of glaciers in a portion of the Antarctic finds 84 percent of them have retreated over the past 50 years in response to a warmer climate.

• A new study of glaciers in a portion of the Antarctic finds 84 percent of them have retreated over the past 50 years in response to a warmer climate.
• The work was based on 2,000 aerial photos, some taken in the 1940s, and satellite images. The climate in the region has warmed by more than 4.5 degrees Fahrenheit (2.5 Celsius) in the last 50 years, the scientists said.
• "The widespread retreat of the glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsula over the last 50 years was largely caused by climate change," said David Vaughan of the British Antarctic Survey in Cambridge.

Antarctic Glaciers Melting Rapidly

Ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation which is produced by the Sun. Ultraviolet radiation can damage cells of living things- plants, animals and people. The damage of ozone has been caused by complex chemical reactions involving chlorine and bromine.

• Ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation which is produced by the Sun. Ultraviolet radiation can damage cells of living things- plants, animals and people. The damage of ozone has been caused by complex chemical reactions involving chlorine and bromine.

The hole in the ozone layer

• Water and wind erosion are now the two primary causes of land degradation; combined, they are responsible for 84% of degraded acreage. Each year, about 75 billion tons of soil is eroded from the land-a rate that is about 13-40 times as fast as the natural rate of erosion. Approximately 40% of the world"s agricultural land is seriously degraded. According to the United Nations , an area of fertile soil the size of Ukraine is lost every year because of drought, deforestation and climate change. In Africa, if current trends of soil degradation continue, the continent might be able to feed just 25% of its population by 2025, according to UNU"s Ghana-based Institute for Natural Resources in Africa.

• The loss of soil fertility due to erosion is further problematic because the response is often to apply chemical fertilizers, which leads to further water and soil pollution, rather than to allow the land to regenerate.

World map indicating areas that are vulnerable to high rates of water erosion.

Water pollution Approximate Decomposition Times in a Landfill

Kinds of pollution

Destroying forests.

Water pollution.

Noise pollution.

• AIR POLLUTION. Destroying forests. Water pollution. Oil spills. Global warming. Litter. Chemicals. Coral reefs. Noise pollution.

Environmen t al questions

• What does the life of the people on Earth depend on?

• Why are some animals and birds disappearing nowadays?

Air pollution is a very serious threat to our environment.

pollute the air.

• This is the result of human activities: oil spills. Polluted water also causes water animals to die.

• Environmentalists are worried because many coral reefs are disappearing. Today only 7% of Jamaica’s coral reefs remain and the reefs in the Philippines and Western Indonesia are almost extinct. Tourists damage reefs by putting
• rubbish into the sea.

Ecological situation in our place.

• I’m worried about the state of the Nekhvoroshcha-novka pond in my area. When I visi-

ted this place in summer I was hurt and disap- pointed by what I found. Water was very muddy.

Our attitude towards the environment .

We must keep our native place clean. If we see litter on the ground, we must put it into a litter bin. And of course we must not draw on walls

• We must keep our native place clean. If we see litter on the ground, we must put it into a litter bin. And of course we must not draw on walls or trees.

Code of Ecological Rules.

• Do not leave litter.
• Keep the country tidy.
• Respect the life and work of the countryside.
• Grow trees and flowers.
• Do not cut wild flowers.
• Put litter away.
• Do not frighten birds and animals.
• Do not burn fires.

The Earth is Our Home.

• The Earth is a garden. It is a beautiful place For all living creatures, For all human race.
• Food is a treasure From the soil and the seas Clean fresh air From the plants and the heels.

• Helping mother Earth We can peacefully roam We all deserve a place We can call our home.

• The warmth of the sun Turns water into rain It is nature way!

Th е presentation was done by Valentina Antonova. Class 9 V