What is cheaper to heat a house. Boilers for heating the house - choose your option

Many people who own country houses or just dachas are seriously tormented by the question - what will happen to the house, its decoration, as well as all the installed furniture, if the house is not heated throughout the cold season? From this follows another question - what is better for the house: to leave it unheated for the whole winter or to come there from time to time and heat the living quarters? This issue should be dealt with. So, what will happen to your dacha if you leave the house without heating in winter.

Different parts of the house and furniture can react quite differently to such a test. First of all, because different materials used in finishing, repairing, as well as furniture manufacturing, react differently to such tests.

Autumn passes, in our country most often accompanied by heavy rains. And finally, winter comes. The air temperature in the street and in an unheated house drops sharply. As a result, its humidity also sharply decreases. But moisture from the air does not leave without a trace at all - it is deposited on any surfaces - walls, furniture, floors, ceilings. If it gets cold fast enough, the moisture turns into frost and stays indoors until the first spring thaws. So, the objects remain wet for a rather short period of time.

What happens if you decide to return to yours several times during the winter and heat it? Frost melts quickly. The air in the room is heated, but the walls and all the furniture are still cold. It takes at least a few hours for them to warm up. Consequently, when warm air (with a high moisture content) comes into contact with cold objects, drops of moisture will appear on the objects - condensate. Finally, things and the walls of the building will dry out only after their temperature equals the air temperature in the room. As mentioned above, this will happen in a few hours.

Under such conditions, different materials behave differently. Glass, plastic, varnished or painted wood will easily withstand such a test - they do not absorb moisture at all. Therefore, drops of condensate will evaporate without a trace after a few hours. But ordinary wood, upholstered furniture, drywall and other breathable materials will quickly absorb moisture. As a result, furniture upholstery may begin to rot, drywall will swell.

This article is about how to heat a house if there is no gas. In it, I am going to talk about possible alternatives to gas heating, evaluate them on a number of key parameters and offer the reader the most profitable and practical solutions. Let's get started.

Gas is the cheapest heat source. Only here it is not everywhere.

Can you see everyone

Here is a complete list of possible heat sources for a home without gas:

• Solid fuel (wood, coal, pellets);
• Liquid fuel (diesel fuel, used engine oil);
• Electricity;
• Solar heat recovered through solar collectors;
• Liquefied gas (from a gas tank or cylinders). If main natural gas is not connected to your settlement, this does not mean that you cannot use a gas boiler for heating or.

What do we evaluate

By what parameters do we compare possible solutions?

There are only three of them:

1. Minimum operating costs (that is, the cost of a kilowatt-hour of thermal energy);
2. Cost of equipment;
3. Ease of use of the home heating system. It should require as little attention as possible from the owner and maximum time to work offline.

Comparison

Operating costs

Here’s how our members will line up when evaluating their cost-effectiveness:

1. The undisputed leader is solar heat. Collectors convert it into heating of the coolant for free. Electricity is consumed only by circulation pumps;

As a rule, solar collectors are used only as an auxiliary heat source. Their problem is unstable thermal power: it varies depending on the length of daylight hours and the weather.

1. In second place is a solid fuel boiler that runs on wood. Yes, yes, I am aware that we are in the 21st century. Such are the Russian realities: in the absence of main gas and with a short daylight, firewood is still more economical than all other heat sources and provides the cost of a kilowatt-hour of 0.9 - 1.1 rubles;
2. The third place is shared by pellets and coal. Depending on local prices for energy carriers, a kilowatt-hour of heat obtained by burning them will cost 1.4-1.6 rubles;
3. Liquefied gas from a gas tank provides the cost of a kilowatt-hour of 2.3 rubles;
4. The use of cylinders increases it to 2.8 - 3 rubles;

1. Diesel-fuelled liquid fuel boilers generate heat at an average cost of about 3.2 r/kWh;

Waste motor oil with the same calorific value is 5-6 times cheaper. If you have a permanent source of mining, this type of fuel can successfully compete with main gas.

1. Explicit outsiders are electric boilers. The price of a kilowatt-hour of heat obtained by heating water with a heating element or any other direct heating device is equal to the cost of a kilowatt-hour of electricity and, at current tariffs, is approximately 4 rubles.

I emphasize: the so-called economical electric boilers (induction or electrode) are fiction. Of course, they work, but the method of heating water does not affect the cost of a kilowatt-hour of thermal energy.

Induction electric boiler. Its undoubted advantage is reliability. But in terms of economy, it is no different from a device with heating elements.

Installation costs

How much will it cost to make heating in the country or in a country house?

In order not to introduce confusion due to the scatter of the parameters of the heating system, I will compare the average cost of heat sources of the same rated power - 15 kW.

• Gas boiler - from 25 thousand rubles;

Without a gas pipeline, the owner will have to invest in the equipment of a gas station or gas tank, which will increase costs by another 150-250 thousand.

• Pellet boiler - from 110,000;
• Electric boiler - from 7000;
• Solid fuel boiler - 20000;
• Liquid fuel (on diesel fuel or mining) - from 30,000;
• Solar collectors with a total capacity of 45 kW (three times the power reserve compensates for downtime at night) - from 700,000 rubles.

It is obvious that a reasonable balance of the cost of a kilowatt-hour of heat and the heating equipment itself is provided only by firewood and coal. A good alternative to them - used oil - cannot participate on equal terms in our competition due to the inaccessibility of this energy carrier.

Free solar heat, in fact, turns out to be prohibitively expensive at the installation stage: the cost of the thermal energy accumulator will be added to the exorbitant costs for the collectors themselves.

Ease of use

Laziness, as you know, is the engine of progress. You want to heat your home not only cheaply, but also with minimal time and effort.

What about different heating options with autonomy?

1. Electric boilers are leading. They work indefinitely and do not require maintenance from the word "absolutely". The coolant temperature can be controlled automatically using a remote electronic thermostat. Electrical equipment allows you to program daily and weekly cycles (for example, reduce the temperature during your absence);

1. Gas boiler with gas tank provides autonomy for several months, or even for a whole season. It differs unfavorably from an electric boiler in the need to remove combustion products, so the location of the device is tied to ventilation, a chimney or external walls of a private house;
2. autonomy liquid fuel appliances limited only by the volume of the fuel tank;

A separate room has to be allocated for a diesel boiler. The reasons are the high noise level during the operation of the burner and the smell of diesel fuel.

1. The use of several cylinders connected in parallel reduces the autonomy of heating equipment to a week;
2. Approximately the same amount of time a pellet boiler can work on one load;
3. Solid fuel boiler needs its laying every few hours and periodic cleaning of the ash pan. This period can be increased by limiting the heat output with a covered air damper, but at the same time, incomplete combustion of the fuel will reduce the efficiency of the device and, accordingly, increase the owner's heating costs.

What is the result? And in the end, comrades, we have to choose between the limited autonomy of a pellet boiler with its rather high cost, the continuous kindling of a solid fuel appliance and the exorbitant cost of thermal energy from an electric boiler.

The main problem of solid fuel heating is frequent kindling.

loopholes

How can you heat a living space, combining acceptable autonomy with low operating costs?

We can go one of two ways:

• Try to increase the autonomy of the system with a solid fuel boiler;
• Minimize electricity costs.

Now - more about each possible solution.

pyrolysis boiler

This is the name of a type of solid fuel appliance that breaks the combustion process of coal or firewood into two stages:

1. Smoldering with limited access to air (the so-called pyrolysis). With incomplete combustion of fuel, a combustible mixture of volatile hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide CO is formed;
2. Post-combustion of pyrolysis products in a separate furnace. It is usually located under the main one and ensures its heating to the temperature required for pyrolysis.

What gives such a scheme?

• Flexible power adjustment by simply changing the speed of the blower fan;

• Maximum efficiency in the entire range of power values ​​(since the products of incomplete combustion of the fuel are burned out in the second chamber of the furnace);
• Autonomy at 10-12 hours. It is achieved precisely by limiting the rate of combustion of solid fuel.

Upper combustion boiler

Another step towards increasing the autonomy of solid fuel heating equipment was made by the engineers of the Lithuanian company Stropuva. They just transferred the process of smoldering fuel from the grate to the upper part of the furnace. As a result, with an increase in the volume of the bookmark, it is not the thermal power of the boiler that increases, but the duration of combustion.

How was this result achieved?

The boiler is a vertical cylinder with a telescopic air duct ending in a massive steel disc with fins (it is called a staskoblin). As the fuel filling burns out, the air duct descends under its own weight, at each moment of time providing air supply directly to the fuel smoldering area.

The same disk separates the region of fuel smoldering and the region of afterburning of products of incomplete combustion, turning the upper combustion boiler into a kind of pyrolysis. A small amount of ash remaining on the surface of the firewood is carried away by an ascending stream of hot gases.

The maximum autonomy was shown by the Stropuva coal-fired boiler. On one tab, he worked for 31 hours.

Heat accumulator

Is it possible to heat a country house with an ordinary solid fuel boiler without spending a significant part of the day on kindling and cleaning it?

Yes. A heat accumulator will help with this - a conventional water tank with thermal insulation and several outlets for connecting heating circuits. Water has a fairly high heat capacity. So, a tank with a volume of 3 m3, when the coolant is heated by 40 degrees, accumulates 175 kWh of heat, which is enough to heat a house with an area of ​​about 80 m2 during the day.

How to install a heating system with a heat accumulator with your own hands?

It forms two circuits with forced circulation:

• The first connects the boiler heat exchanger to the battery;
• The second combines a heat accumulator with heating devices - radiators, convectors or registers.

As a result:

• The boiler is fired up once or twice a day and operates with a fully open damper, at rated power (and, accordingly, with maximum efficiency);
• The rest of the time, the heat accumulator gradually releases the accumulated heat to the house.

Such a scheme will also help to heat the house at minimal cost to the owners of electric boilers, but only if there is a two-tariff meter. At night, during the minimum tariff, the boiler heats the water in the tank, and during the day the accumulated heat is gradually given off by radiators.

Warm floor

Underfloor heating systems turn the entire surface of a finished floor covering into a heating device.

For heating can be used:

• A pipe with a heat carrier laid in a screed;

• Heating cable laid in a screed or in a layer of tile adhesive under the tile;
• The film heater is a polymer film with high electrical resistance current-carrying paths. The heater is placed under a finish coating of sufficient thermal conductivity - laminate, parquet or linoleum.

A warm floor allows you to reduce heating costs by 30-40% compared to convection appliances - radiators or convectors. Savings are achieved through the redistribution of temperatures: the air is heated to a maximum of 22 - 25 degrees at floor level, while the temperature is minimal under the ceiling.

With convection heating, for a minimum comfortable +20 at floor level, the air under the ceiling will have to be heated to 26 - 30 degrees. Heating affects only heat leakage through the ceiling and walls: they are directly proportional to the temperature difference on both sides of the building envelope.

I used film heaters to heat the floor under the work tables. With a ridiculous consumption of electricity (an average of 50-70 watts per square meter), they provide subjective comfort during operation even at a room temperature of 14-16 degrees.

infrared heaters

Conventional heating heats the air in direct contact with the heater. However, with a relatively small area of ​​the heating element and its high temperature, another method of heat transfer begins to dominate - infrared radiation. It is he who is used by infrared heaters, positioned as devices for economical heating with electricity.

Why is infrared heating better than convection heating?

Placed under the stream or on the wall, the device heats the floor and all objects in the lower part of the room with radiant heat. The effect is about the same as when using a warm floor - below the air temperature is maximum, under the ceiling - minimum.

Not only that: the radiant heat warms the skin and clothes of the people in the room. It creates a subjective feeling of warmth, which allows you to reduce the comfortable temperature in the room from 20-22 to 14-16 degrees. We have already found out how the temperature difference with the street affects heating costs.

At -10 outside the window, a decrease in the average temperature in the room from 25 to 15 degrees will reduce heat consumption by (25 - -10) / (15 - -10) \u003d 1.4 times.

Heat pumps

What is a heat pump?

Structurally, it is identical to ... a conventional refrigerator. The design of this device allows you to take heat from a colder medium (soil, water or air) and give it to warmer air inside the house.

How is this achieved?

This is what the cycle of operation of any heat pump looks like.

1. The compressor compresses a gaseous refrigerant (usually freon), turning it from a gas to a liquid. In full accordance with the laws of physics, it heats up;
2. Freon passes through a heat exchanger, where it gives off heat;
3. The expansion valve is next in the path of the refrigerant. With a sharp increase in volume, freon returns to a gaseous state and cools sharply;
4. Passing another heat exchanger, it takes heat from a warm environment compared to the cooled freon;
5. The heated refrigerant returns to the compressor for a new cycle.

As a result, electricity is spent only on the operation of the compressor, and for each kilowatt of its electric power, the owner receives 3-6 kilowatts of thermal power. The cost of a kilowatt-hour of heat is reduced to 0.8-1.3 rubles.

Moreover, all types of heat pumps fully possess the advantages of electric heaters:

• They do not require maintenance and removal of combustion products;
• They can be programmed for daily and weekly cycles, further reducing heat consumption.

There are a few things a potential heat pump buyer needs to know about these appliances:

• The warmer the low-potential source of thermal energy, the higher the COP of the device (coefficient of performance, the number of kilowatts of heat per kilowatt of electric power when working for heating);
• COP also increases when the temperature of the internal (located in the house) heat exchanger decreases. That is why heat pumps usually use low-temperature heating - underfloor heating or convection appliances with an increased fin area;

• The lower temperature of the external heat exchanger is limited by the freon phase transition temperature and cannot be lower than -25 degrees. That is why heat pumps operating according to the "air-to-water" and "air-to-air" schemes can be used for heating only in the southern regions of the country;
• The Achilles' heel of geothermal and water pumps is the high cost of installing outdoor heat exchangers. Vertical ground collectors are immersed in wells several tens of meters deep, horizontal ones are laid in pits or trenches, and their total area is approximately three times the heated area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house.

A water heat exchanger requires a non-freezing reservoir or a well with a sufficient flow rate. In the latter case, the manufacturer's instructions prescribe to drain the waste water into another well - drainage.

A special case of a heat pump is a conventional air conditioner. In heating mode, it uses the heat extracted from the outdoor air by an external heat exchanger. COP of a modern inverter split system reaches 4.2 - 5.

The main source of heat in my house is the split systems installed in each room. How profitable is it to heat a house with air conditioners and how much will it cost to buy and install them?

Here is a short report:

• Two floors with a total area of ​​154 m2 are heated by four inverter air conditioners - three with a capacity of 9000 BTU and one with a capacity of 12000 BTU;
• The cost of one air conditioner at the time of purchase ranged from 20 to 25 thousand rubles, depending on the model and manufacturer;
• Installation of one inverter cost an average of 3.5 thousand rubles;
• Electricity consumption in the winter months is about 2000 kWh. Of course, electricity is spent not only on heating: an electric stove, a washing machine, lighting, computers working around the clock and other equipment make their contribution.

In the photo - the external unit of the split system responsible for heating the attic.

Conclusion

As you can see, even in the absence of mains gas, the house can be heated at moderate cost and without much discomfort. As always, the video in this article will offer additional information to your attention. I look forward to your additions and comments. Good luck, comrades!

Gasification of "rural" areas, unfortunately, lags behind the pace of suburban construction. And even for residents of the suburbs of administrative centers, the question of what kind of heating in a private house is the most economical, if there is no gas, sounds relevant. Taking into account the prices of energy carriers in the domestic market, the cost of a kilowatt of thermal energy looks like this: the second place is solid fuel (however, here you need to make sure that you are not misled by “magic” long-burning boilers), the third is liquefied gas, the fourth is liquid fuel, the last - electricity. But even in this hierarchy, not everything is so simple. How to heat the house if there is no gas.

Heating a house without gas should ideally be combined - using traditional and alternative energy sources

There are different options for heating a country house without gas, each of them is worth special attention.

solid fuel

Not so long ago, solid fuels had no competitors. At first, wood, and then coal, were the main types. Of course, they also burned peat, straw and even dung, but, as now, it was a “local” fuel that was not widely used.

The primitive hearth in the cave is very reminiscent of a classic fireplace

With the beginning of the "gas era" of heating, firewood and coal faded into the background, but still remain in demand. Moreover, their prospects are “rosy”, since there are much more explored reserves of coal than gas, and firewood and “wood” fuel are renewable energy sources. The modern difference is only that earlier stoves or fireplaces were used exclusively for heating the house, and now the boiler is considered the main source of heat. Although there are exceptions.

Furnaces

They still meet now, especially when it comes to a small country house or cottage. The main advantage is absolute energy independence. Therefore, they are used when it is necessary to provide heating for a private house without gas and electricity.

According to the purpose of the stove, there are heating and heating-cooking. The first option includes a Russian stove and a Swede, the second - a Dutch stove and a classic fireplace.

Their effectiveness largely depends on the design of the chimney system, of which there are three types:

Direct-flow. The chimney has a minimum number of elbows in the direction from the furnace to the pipe. This category includes classic open hearth fireplaces and Russian stoves. The heat emitter is the body and part of the chimney that runs indoors or inside the wall. By the way, due to the special design and massiveness, the Russian stove is considered one of the most efficient. And the traditional fireplace has the lowest efficiency. And in modern realities, it is more of a decor or a means of relaxation when contemplating an open flame than a full-fledged heater.

Channel. The combustion products are discharged through a system of channels passing inside the furnace body, which not only radiates, but also accumulates heat. This type includes "Dutch". It, like the Russian stove, warms up for a long time, but it also cools down for a long time.

Bell-type. Hot gases first rise into the "cap", where they give off part of the heat, cool down, descend along the walls of the cap and through the "cap" are drawn into the chimney.

In addition to non-volatility, the advantage of classic stoves is their "omnivorousness" in relation to solid fuel. Firewood, coal, peat, briquettes - everything that can be put in the firebox with your hands and set on fire. Moreover, unpretentiousness extends to the ash content of coal and the moisture content of firewood.

The Russian stove is still relevant, and can heat several rooms on two levels.

The disadvantages are no less significant than the advantages:

radiation type of heat energy transfer - a house is heated with one stove, where the entire living area is in one or two adjacent rooms;

labor-intensive maintenance - frequent refueling and cleaning;

low efficiency (average efficiency of about 20%) - the fuel does not completely burn out and most of the heat "flies into the chimney" along with smoke;

a complex design of "manual" manufacture, which can only be performed by an experienced craftsman.

These shortcomings are not present in modern solid fuel boilers and factory fireplace inserts.

Solid fuel boilers

Another not the worst option than to heat the house. Modern solid fuel boilers have an efficiency of 80-95%. That is, the best samples in terms of work efficiency are at the level of gas boilers, and only three economic factors "throw" them into second place:

higher cost of the heat carrier in terms of a kilowatt of thermal energy;

higher price of equipment;

"present" maintenance costs (expenses for transport, fuel storage and disposal of solid residues).

If we talk about the cost, then in the Moscow region, heating with wood is approximately one and a half times more expensive than with gas - about 90 kopecks. per kilowatt against 53 kopecks. (according to tariffs for natural gas for the second half of 2017, subject to the availability of metering devices).

Pyrolysis boilers have the highest efficiency - the firewood in them burns out almost completely, with a minimum "solid" residue

The use of fuel pellets increases the cost of a kilowatt to 1.3-1.4 rubles. and almost equals in price when using coal, but still cheaper by 15-20% than heating with anthracite. But there are nuances here.

If the task is how to heat a house cheaply without gas, then long-burning wood-burning boilers or pyrolysis (gas-generating) models best meet this condition. The only drawback is that the laying of firewood is done manually and it is impossible to automate this process. Although this should be done infrequently - 1-2 times a day. Also keep in mind that you need to carefully check the information about the so-called "magic" long-burning wood-burning boilers.

There are boilers for pellets or coal with automatic loading of fuel from the bunker. And although the bunker also needs to be loaded manually, it is much larger than the volume of the firebox. A conventional boiler model with a standard hopper with a capacity of 1 m3 can operate continuously from three days to a week, and with an enlarged hopper - up to 12 days (taking into account high-quality insulation of the house and low heat losses). And when it is not possible to load fuel frequently, then such boilers are the best option (if you do not take into account the higher prices for equipment).

Solid fuel boilers of long burning with a large capacity bunker do not require daily maintenance from the owners

Note. There are even automatic modular coal-fired boilers with a bunker capacity of up to 14 m3, their own crusher, auger fuel supply to the furnace and automatic soot removal into their own bunker - practically a mini-boiler room for a private house. Moreover, this is a domestic development and the cost of equipment is also “domestic”.

Fireplace inserts

Modern fireplace inserts, fireplace stoves and stoves do not differ in principle from solid fuel boilers. They also have the function of long burning and secondary afterburning. Their efficiency differs from gas-generating boilers by only 5-10%, which is at least four times higher than that of classic fireplaces with an open firebox.

Demonstration model of a closed-type fireplace insert with a water circuit

The intraspecific differences between such devices are that fireplace inserts require additional installation of a decorative portal and are used only for heating, fireplace stoves have a finished design and some models belong to the heating and cooking class (there are even models with a built-in grill), and all stoves perform two functions - cooking and heating.

Fireplace stoves and stoves have a limited power range - a maximum of 25 kW. This, of course, is less than that of boilers, but they can heat a house up to 250 m2.

Heating and cooking stove-fireplace - the best option for a small country house

The power of the fireplace insert can reach 40 kW, which allows you to heat a house up to 400 m2.

Stoves and fireplace inserts can heat a home in three ways:

heat radiation in the common space with a free layout of the entire level (studio type);

in a water heating system, if the furnace has an appropriate heat exchanger with piping;

in the air heating system.

Note. Air heating is the first known system in history, which appeared several millennia earlier than water heating. And now it is successfully used, but only in a modern version - the use of forced supply of warm air to neighboring rooms or to the second floor through air ducts.

Video description

Visually how to heat a house without gas using air heating, see the video:

Liquefied gas

In terms of the cost of a kilowatt of energy, liquefied natural gas ranks third.

There are different ways of its delivery and storage, but the smaller the volume, the more expensive the final price is. Therefore, a gas tank is needed for a permanent residence, and for a small dacha, which is rarely visited in cold weather, several 50-liter cylinders can be dispensed with. When using a gas tank, the price of a kilowatt of heat from burning liquefied gas is 2.3-2.5 rubles, the use of cylinders raises the bar by 50 kopecks.

You can also heat up in different ways.

The simplest system is direct combustion of gas to produce heat without heating the intermediate coolant, piping and radiators. For this, gas convectors and infrared heaters are used. Their principle of operation and design are different, but one thing in common is the availability of equipment, compactness and operation from bottled gas. The disadvantage is the power limitation and heating of only one room. For example, AYGAZ infrared and catalytic gas heaters have a maximum power of 6.2 kW.

Such a compact infrared heater can heat up to 40 m2

The gas tank allows you to build a full-fledged autonomous water heating system, and the frequency of refueling depends on the volume of the tank, the heating area and the operating mode. In terms of ease of operation and maintenance, the system ranks second after electric heating. But it requires significant initial investments for the purchase of a gas tank, its installation (usually underground) and the laying of communications (pipes for connecting to the boiler and an electric cable for the tank heating system).

Another difficulty for a gas tank is the choice of location. It should be located close enough to the house and be accessible for refueling with gas.

Liquid fuel

This is probably the last option that should be considered when solving the problem of how to heat a house if there is no gas. It's not even about the price of energy carriers - they can be different. The most expensive diesel fuel allows you to get thermal energy at the same cost as when using liquefied gas from cylinders. The price of heat when burning fuel oil is the same as for coal-fired boilers, and "working off" practically compares the cost of heating to the level of natural gas. But…

In terms of equipment cost, this is one of the most expensive fuel-using systems. In addition, these boilers are "capricious", requiring regular maintenance and maintenance of the same complexity as the fuel supply and injection systems of a diesel car. There are also disadvantages such as air pollution by products of combustion of liquid fuels, as well as high noise levels from the operation of the fuel pump and burner.

Maintenance of an oil-fired boiler is much more difficult than any other

Electric boilers

Electric boilers have the highest efficiency - up to 98%. Moreover, it does not depend on the type of boiler. Heating elements, electrode and induction boilers differ only in the way the coolant is heated, and they have no losses from incomplete combustion of the fuel - electricity is converted into heat almost completely. In principle, it would be correct to speak not about the heating system (there is no fuel and combustion chamber), but about the method of heating.

In terms of the cost of equipment, the simplicity of the device, the completeness of automation and ease of maintenance, electric boilers have no competitors. But they have the highest cost per kilowatt of thermal energy. Although there are "loopholes".

Video description

In addition, you can use modern geothermal pumps, clearly about which - in the video:

Since July of this year, in the Moscow region for settlements and rural areas with electric stoves and heaters, the single-rate tariff is 3.53 rubles. per kWh. Taking into account the efficiency, a kilowatt of thermal energy will cost 3.6-3.7 rubles. But there are two- and three-part tariffs that allow you to save money. To do this, you need to install a heat accumulator, which allows you to accumulate warm water for the heating system at night, when the tariff is 1.46 rubles. per kWh. If the house is small, and the capacity of the heat accumulator is sufficient, then the night supply (from 23-00 to 7-00) may be enough for the rest of the time or for most of it. This compares the cost of heating with electricity to coal-fired solid fuel boilers. And much cheaper than burning liquefied gas. And the battery capacity is no more expensive than a gas tank or a coal bunker with a screw feed system.

The heat accumulator is able to optimize the operation of any heating system

But the main drawback of heating with electricity is the poor quality of networks and the power limit.

Conclusion

There are several other ways than to heat a house if there is no gas. For example, alternative ways to heat a house without gas are solar panels and heat pumps. But the widespread use of the first option is limited by the insufficient level of insolation in our latitudes in winter. And for the only stable and efficient type of ground-to-water heat pump, the cost of equipment and installation is such that without state support (as in some European countries) it makes it unprofitable compared to traditional heating systems.

Along with electricity, thermal energy has become for us an expense item, if not the main one in utility costs, then definitely significant. Along with the Europeans, we are starting to get used to the comfort temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. It is unlikely that the language will turn to call such a temperature comfortable. But if you heat your household at your own expense, then for a couple of three, or even five thousand rubles a month, you are ready to get used to dressing warmer while under your own roof. If you have central heating, then it has not been as cheap as you would like for a long time, there are no miracles and we have to pay for the received CHP or boiler energy, pay in full and even with a delta. After all, wages must be paid, and it is necessary to provide a chain of intermediaries with profit, to cover the heat losses that occur in poorly insulated and extremely long highways, inherited for the most part from the Soviet Union. In this case, we finally have the opportunity to install heat meters, they are quite affordable, and besides that, we stop paying for losses, and pay only for what we consume.

Sooner or later, I think we will have to deliberately or forcedly forget about these benefits and remember about the heat supply of individual houses or small groups of houses with individual boiler houses. To date, there are not many housing projects relying on main heat carriers. All housing with the prefix comfort or elite is designed already with its own boiler room, in most cases a gas boiler room. Today, the presence of main gas almost automatically means the presence of heat obtained from this gas. In terms of price, this is the cheapest fuel for heating purposes and it has no competitors.

But there is not a big nuance, is it possible for you to get this type of fuel, and if so, for what means to get it. In some areas, gas connection bills negate all the benefits of this type of heating. Everything is in the power of the monopolist and he asks for as much as he sees fit, thank God that gas prices are regulated more centrally and the issue of tariffs is a painful and political issue. Tariffs for gas, including, most likely, will soon show us their marathon, but today they are out of competition in terms of heating.

And what should we do if our house is conditional 100 m 2, although we, like no one else, strive for huge dwellings, often numbering in hundreds of squares, many of which we cannot afford. And so let's take our living area of ​​100 square meters. From numerous sources, we reduce the need for heat 0.1 kW / h per m2, that is, for heating a house of 100 m2, we need a heat source with a capacity of 10 kWh, taking into account the efficiency of the boiler and with some margin it can be either 12 kW or 9 kt . If we decide to heat with electricity, then this is an 8-9 kW electric boiler, in the case of a wood-burning appliance, it is rather a 12 kilowatt device.

If the power is more and more less clear, then it is not easy to decide on the type of fuel. This issue is serious and requires accessibility assessment. If you live in an area surrounded by logging, lumber production or yourself in this field of activity, then of course your option is wood, it will be firewood or wood briquettes, euro firewood is up to you again based on availability and cost. It is also worth paying attention to such type of fuel as pallets. Let's just say that if the boilers, they are called by the way TT, are solid fuel and they are simply a great choice, they are basically omnivorous and you can heat them with both firewood (briquettes, euro firewood) and coal and even peat, briquetted of course. Heaters are not divided into a couple of types, some work like fireplaces or stoves and are suitable for small and adjacent rooms or like boilers with a water circuit. In the case of TT devices, you need to imagine that in the case of permanent residence, you need to be ready to combine your activities with the activities of a fireman and a loader sometimes. But there are, of course, machines that may not require your attention for a whole day, and sometimes for several days. These include devices that work on pallets, wood chips, small sized coal, coal automatic machines. But all of them are not very cheap - from 200 thousand rubles today is August 18, sometimes they are very capricious about the quality of fuel.

And by analogy with coal and wood, it is possible to heat with diesel fuel.

This is more expensive in terms of fuel, cheaper or equal to the cost of budget TT boilers. Diesel devices are very unpretentious and practically do not require attention. Some users do not turn off such boilers all year round and do this only for infrequent service. Most of them are universal and when changing the burner they can burn main gas or bottled gas. The topic of fuel for such burners is open and is not limited to buying diesel at a gas station, although this is an option when you suddenly feel impatient and do not need to order a fuel truck or a dump truck with pallets. With an increase in the values ​​on the refueling display, there are options for acquiring fuel, so to speak, alternative ones. For example, quite tolerable quality fuel obtained from waste oil, waste oil, for example, is distilled into fuel that satisfies even diesel engines of imported cars with its quality and characteristics, so that it is quite suitable as fuel for a diesel burner.

The next type of fuel that allows you to heat your home is liquefied gas, propane, for example, the familiar bottled gas, it can be in conventional cylinders or in huge containers, the so-called gas tanks. These same gas tanks are very expensive, and the larger they are, the more expensive. For example, a gas tank on an ordinary trailer, mobile up to 600 liters, can be purchased from 150 to 270 thousand rubles, and a gas tank for 6000 liters will cost, depending on whether it is underground or ground, about 400 thousand. And even if you decide to install a gas tank, then you need to look for a gas supplier, preferably one who does not really want to deceive you, he will deceive anyway. The first thing to do is to refuse the gas tank maintenance service, this is superfluous and the reaction to your refusal will tell you a lot. Secondly, we should not forget about such an effect as clogging the container, liquefied gas is a mixture of gases, such as propane or methane with necessarily butane gas. Butane burns a little differently than propane and at low temperatures already at minus one degree it turns into a liquid state. To make it return to a gaseous state, it must be heated, these are already expenses and the heating system also costs money. In addition to butane, believe me, at the bottom of the tank you will find just banal water and, perhaps, you will also pay for it a couple of times at the price of fuel. Do not forget about the danger of gas leakage, it is not a good habit to find holes and accumulate in them, accumulate, for example, in your well or well. Boiler facilities are often arranged above the well. Also, I don’t think it makes sense to mess with 50 liter cylinders, this is a constant search for refueling these cylinders and, by the way, rather slow refueling, frequent 100% change will lead to leaks.
Heating with electricity. Cheap, probably the cheapest and most affordable equipment.

If your home is more than a hundred meters, then you will need additional power and it’s good if they are allocated to you. You may need a three-phase network. Capricious to the quality of the current and the network in particular. If your neighbors are also heated from the outlet, then you all may not have enough and the voltage in the network will drop. The cheapness of the heating device, the boiler, is more than offset by electricity tariffs. So, as a backup source, the option is not bad, for example, if you turn on the heating during the second tariff, which, as a rule, is half the price of the main one. It justifies itself as a backup or even an emergency source of heat.

It is still too early for us to consider such an option as a heat pump, if abroad the governments of countries in every possible way promote and generously subsidize “refrigerators on the contrary”, then in principle such devices will never be able to pay off in our country due to the enormous cost also additionally burdened by customs duties. The idea is interesting, but it has an extremely low efficiency, a large amount of work in terms of installation, and a high cost. In the future, we will still see the development of this segment, maybe it will absorb something new, and we will see a hybrid with high efficiency and an acceptable price.
Hydrogen heating, promoted by an Italian company, and even, in my opinion, they have already gone on sale, has a development prospect, but so far it is expensive and arguably profitable, due to the high price of hydrogen production. The energy spent on obtaining hydrogen does not make it possible to obtain free fuel from water.

There are, of course, some more exotic ways of heating, such as burning used oil and even car tires and other waste and, frankly, garbage. There are many environmental issues related to this topic, although in a number of countries the problem of garbage and heating has been quite successfully solved. And it seems that the prospect of heating, and maybe getting electricity will be associated with waste, because there are a lot of them, they really interfere, so to speak, and so far they don’t cost anything.

Equipment for burning the same waste oil is quite expensive, for example, only a German-made burner will cost under 100 thousand rubles and this is without a boiler, but the price of fuel covers all costs.

When choosing a heating system and specifically what you will heat, you also need to take into account such factors as convenience and storage, fuel storage. Firewood must be chopped and stacked in the required quantities in a woodpile, pallets require a dry, ventilated room, coal accompanies a large amount of coal dust, gas leaks, diesel fuel smells if spilled, electricity can generally give you an electric shock, be careful.

All letters above are absolutely personal opinions of congenial people, an excellent group of companies Eurasia-Cable LLC, Elkab-Ural LLC, Elkab LLC. We will be happy to advise you any day and help you make the right decision to purchase only the highest quality cables and wires.

during the cold months. There is no universal recipe. For the southern regions, the issue is not so relevant. After all, they have to heat the house for a very short time. In the northern part of the country, the issue of heating is one of the most important. After all, winter there can last up to nine months.

If the building is located within the city, the question of how best to heat the house is usually not worth it. You can simply connect to the central heating. For buildings outside the city, this possibility is not provided. Their owners will have to independently mount the heating system of the building.

An autonomous heating system requires installation and maintenance costs. But there will be no dependence on other organizations, you will be able to regulate the temperature. Now the prices for heat carriers are steadily rising. Therefore, you constantly have to think about what. We will describe several heating options for private buildings.

Bake

Considering all the options on how to heat a house, let's start with the simplest. In villages, this method of heating buildings is still used today. Putting the oven right is not easy. Usually a stove-maker is invited for this. But the design can last a long time. If the stove is installed between rooms, it will be able to heat several rooms at the same time.

The stove is heated with wood, sometimes coal. The necessary supply of firewood should be stocked in advance.

More heat will be given by dry logs of hardwoods, such as oak, hornbeam or beech. Wet pine will also burn, but there will be less heat from it in the house.

Stove heating requires constant care. It is necessary to properly equip the chimney, take out the ashes. To keep the house warm in winter, you will have to throw firewood several times. You will also have to take precautions to avoid a fire. The floor next to the stove door must be covered with iron. If a spark falls on parquet or linoleum, a fire may occur.

Fireplace

Fireplace heating is in many ways similar to stove heating. But the fireplace has a number of differences. The fireplace is more likely to be installed for beauty. His fire will warm one of the rooms.

When asked how to heat a house with a fireplace, it should be answered that it will not work to warm the entire room. The fireplace can be fired with wood or coal. However, its design is built in such a way that a lot of firewood burns, and very little heat is retained in the room.

Sometimes a fireplace flame is simulated using electric lighting. In rooms with a fireplace there is always a cozy atmosphere.

Water heating

How to heat a house with water? We'll have to install a heating system. They purchase a boiler for heating liquids (antifreeze is sometimes used instead of water), pipes, heating batteries, and possibly also a pump and an expansion tank.

Price

How much does it cost to heat a house with hot water? It all depends on the type of equipment. Let's describe how the system works. So, we purchased a boiler that will heat water. The liquid in the boiler heats up, increases in volume and is fed by gravity through pipes. Pipes lead water to heating radiators installed in the room. Batteries get hot and give off heat. Then the water is cooled and returned to the boiler, where it is heated again. The system works in a closed loop.

Sometimes a forced system is used to supply fluid, then you need to purchase a special pump. The heart of this scheme is the boiler. This is where the liquid heats up. When deciding how much cheaper it is to heat a house, you need to carefully consider the choice of a boiler.

Boilers can be wall and floor. Outdoor have a more massive design. Single-circuit boilers heat water only for heating. If there are several circuits, you can heat the water for the shower. You can even heat the water for the pool.

Boilers can operate on different energy sources. All heating boilers can be divided into several groups:

• electric boilers heat water with electricity;
• diesel ( ;
• solid fuel;
• gas;
• biofuel boilers.

The most commonly used boilers are electric or gas. But private houses are not always connected to gas, and electricity prices are constantly increasing. Solid fuel boilers can run on coal or wood. But you will have to constantly throw up material for combustion and remove the ashes.

Heaters

The heating system is installed when people live in the house all year. And if the family comes there only for a few months? You can consider the question of how to heat the house with electricity. The best option is to purchase a heater. The most acceptable option is an oil cooler. This heater consumes little electricity and retains heat for a long time.

How to heat a house when you only need to heat one room. You can purchase an infrared heater. It allows you to warm up a small area in a very short time. The heater consumes little energy and is safe for humans. When you are going to the country, this option is perfect.

Gas and electric convectors

Considering the question of what is the best way to heat a house, one more method should be described - heating with a convector. Convectors can be gas or electric.

If the country house is well insulated, these heating structures will help to warm the rooms quickly. This option is well suited for country houses. By installing an automatic device, it will be possible to warm up the house before the arrival of the owners.

Other options

In a short article, it is impossible to describe all the options for heating a house. You can use a heat or gas gun, install a bio-fireplace, you can even purchase an improved version of a potbelly stove and heat it with firewood.

In European states, they learned to use to heat the house. After all, at a certain depth there is always a lot of heat. If water is pumped deep during the winter months, the liquid will warm up and give off heat to the batteries located in the rooms of the building.

How much does it cost to heat a house this way? So far, it's expensive. After all, you will need to install expensive equipment. And such technologies are attractive when the house is completely insulated, and the pumps are powered by solar panels or wind turbines.