Kuprin? What does love mean in the life of the heroes of the works of A.I. Kuprin What is true love for Kuprin.
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION OF THE MOSCOW REGION
State educational institution of higher professional education
MOSCOW REGIONAL STATE UNIVERSITY
(MGOU)
Historical and Philological Institute
Faculty of Russian Philology
Department of Russian LiteratureXX century
Course work
The theme of love in the works of A.I. Kuprin
Completed by the student:
42 groups of 4 courses
facultyRussian philology
"Domestic Philology"
full-time education
Aprelskaya Maria Sergeevna.
Supervisor:
Candidate of Philology, Associate Professor
Moscow
2015
Content
Introduction …………………………………………………………. …… .. ……… 3
1. Features of the expression of love feelings in the story of A.I. Kuprin "Olesya" ……………………………………………………………… ... ……… ..5
2. The manifestation of the greatest human feeling in the work of A. I. Kuprin "Shulamith" …………………………………………………………… ..8
3. The concept of love in the story of A.I. Kuprin "Garnet Bracelet" ... ... ... .12
Conclusion ………………………………………………………………….… 18
List of used literature ……………………………………… ..… .20
Introduction
The theme of love is called the eternal theme. Over the centuries, many writers and poets have dedicated their works to this great feeling of love, and each of them found something unique, individual in this topic.
The 20th century gave us A.I. Kuprin, a writer in whose work the theme of love occupied one of the most important places. Most of Kuprin's stories are a hymn to pure, sublime love, its transforming power
Kuprin is an idealist, dreamer, romantic, singer of sublime feelings. He found special, exceptional conditions that allowed him to create romanticized images of women and their ideal love in his works.
The writer keenly felt the need for "heroic subjects", for selfless, self-critical heroes. Kuprin writes about love that illuminates human life in the stories "Olesya" (1898), "Shulamith" (1908), "Garnet Bracelet" (1911), etc.
In his entourage, Kuprin saw a sad waste of beauty and strength, a crumbling of feelings, a delusion of thought. The ideal of the writer ascended to the victory of the strength of the spirit over the strength of the body and "love faithful to death." For A.I. Kuprin, love is the most consistent form of affirmation and identification of the personality principle in a person.
Many works are devoted to the study of AI Kuprin's creativity. Some time ago they wrote about Kuprin: L.V. Krutikov “A.I. Kuprin ", V.I. Kuleshov “The creative path of A.I. Kuprin ", L.A. Smirnova "Kuprin" and others.
Kuprin writes about love that illuminates human life in the stories "Olesya" (1898), "Shulamith" (1908), "Garnet Bracelet" (1911).
Kuprin's books leave no one indifferent, on the contrary, they always beckon to them. Young people can learn a lot from this writer: humanism, kindness, spiritual wisdom, the ability to love, appreciate love.
Kuprin's stories were an inspirational hymn to the glory of true love, which is stronger than death, which makes people beautiful, regardless of who they are.
Relevance theme is due to the desire to study the concept of love in the works of A.I. Kuprin.
Theoretical basis in the presented work were the works of L. Nikulin "Kuprin (literary portrait)", L.V. Krutikova. “A.I. Kuprin ", Kuleshova V.I. “The creative path of A.I. Kuprin ".
An object term paper: creativity A. Kuprin
Subject was the study of the concept of love in the works "Garnet Bracelet", "Olesya", "Shulamith".
Target of this work - to study the concept of love in the works of A.I. Kuprin
Tasks of this study:
1. To clarify the concept of love in the story of A. I. Kuprin "Garnet Bracelet"
2. To investigate the manifestation of the greatest human feeling in the work of A. I. Kuprin "Shulamith"
3. Determine the peculiarity of the expression of love feelings in the story of A.I. Kuprin "Olesya"
Practical significance the work consists in the possibility of its use in literature lessons dedicated to Kuprin's work, on electives, extracurricular activities, in the preparation of reports and abstracts.
1. Features of the expression of love feelings in the story of A.I. Kuprin "Olesya"
"Olesya" is one of the first major works of the author and, in his own words, one of the most beloved. "Olesya" and the later story "River of Life" (1906) Kuprin attributed to his best works. "Here is life, freshness, - said the writer, - the struggle with the old, obsolete, impulses for a new, better"
"Olesya" is one of Kuprin's most inspired stories about love, man and life. Here, the world of intimate feelings and the beauty of nature are combined with everyday pictures of rural backwaters, the romance of true love with the cruel customs of Perebrod peasants.
The writer introduces us to the atmosphere of a harsh village life with poverty, ignorance, bribes, savagery, drunkenness. To this world of evil and ignorance, the artist opposes another world - the truth of harmony and beauty, written out just as real and full-blooded. Moreover, it is the light atmosphere of great true love that inspires the story, infecting with impulses "for a new, better". “Love is the brightest and most understandable reproduction of my I. Not in strength, not in dexterity, not in mind, not in talent ... individuality is not expressed in creativity. But in love ”- so, clearly exaggerating, wrote Kuprin to his friend F. Batyushkov.
In one thing, the writer turned out to be right: in love, the whole person, his character, perception of the world, and the structure of feelings are manifested. In the books of the great Russian writers, love is inseparable from the rhythm of the era, from the breath of time. Beginning with Pushkin, artists tested the character of a contemporary not only by social and political deeds, but also by the sphere of his personal feelings. A true hero was not only a person - a fighter, activist, thinker, but also a person of great feelings, able to deeply experience, to love with inspiration. Kuprin in Olesa continues the humanistic line of Russian literature. He checks the modern man - the intellectual of the end of the century - from the inside, by the highest measure.
The story is built on a comparison of two heroes, two natures, two world relations. On the one hand, there is an educated intellectual, a representative of urban culture, a rather humane Ivan Timofeevich, on the other, Olesya is a "child of nature", a person who has not been influenced by urban civilization. The ratio of natures speaks for itself. Compared to Ivan Timofeevich, a man of a kind, but weak, "lazy" heart, Olesya rises in nobility, integrity, proud confidence in her strength.
If in relations with Yarmola and the village people, Ivan Timofeevich looks bold, humane and noble, then in communication with Olesya there are also negative aspects of his personality. His feelings turn out to be timid, the movements of the soul - constrained, inconsistent. "Fearful expectation", "petty fear", the hero's indecision set off the wealth of the soul, courage and freedom of Olesya.
Freely, without any special tricks, Kuprin draws the appearance of the Polissya beauty, forcing us to follow the richness of the shades of her spiritual world, always original, sincere and deep. There are few books in Russian and world literature where such an earthly and poetic image of a girl living in harmony with nature and her feelings would arise. Olesya is Kuprin's artistic discovery.
True artistic instinct helped the writer to reveal the beauty of the human person, generously gifted by nature. Naivety and imperiousness, femininity and proud independence, "flexible, mobile mind", "primitive and vivid imagination", touching courage, delicacy and innate tact, involvement in the innermost secrets of nature and spiritual generosity - these qualities are highlighted by the writer, drawing the charming appearance of Olesya, of a whole, original, free nature, which flashed like a rare gem in the surrounding darkness and ignorance.
For the first time in the story, Kuprin's cherished idea is so fully expressed: a person can be beautiful if he develops, and does not destroy, the bodily, spiritual and intellectual abilities given to him by nature.
Subsequently, Kuprin will say that only with the triumph of freedom will a person be happy in love. In Olesya, the writer revealed this possible happiness of free, unrestrained and unclouded love. In fact, the flowering of love and the human personality is the poetic core of the story.
With an amazing sense of tact, Kuprin makes us go through the alarming period of the birth of love, "full of vague, painfully sad feelings", and her happiest seconds of "pure, full, all-consuming delight", and long joyful meetings of lovers in a dense pine forest. The world of spring jubilant nature - mysterious and beautiful - merges in the story with an equally beautiful outpouring of human feelings.
The light, fabulous atmosphere of the story does not fade even after the tragic denouement. Over everything insignificant, petty and evil, real, great earthly love wins, which is remembered without bitterness - "easily and joyfully." The finishing touch of the story is characteristic: a string of red beads at the corner of the window frame amidst the dirty mess of a hastily abandoned "hut on chicken legs." This detail gives compositional and semantic completeness to the work. A string of red beads is the last tribute to Olesya's generous heart, the memory of "her tender, generous love."
The story is told from the perspective of the hero. He did not forget Olesya, love lit up life, made it rich, bright, sensual. With her loss comes wisdom.
2. The manifestation of the greatest human feeling in the work of A. I. Kuprin "Shulamith"
The theme of mutual and happy love is also touched upon by AI Kuprin in the story "Shulamith". The love of King Solomon and the poor girl Shulamith from the vineyard is strong as death, and those who love themselves are higher than kings and queens.
It is impossible to understand the romantic concept of love in the writer's work without reading the legend "Shulamith". Turning to this work makes it possible to show the originality of the historical and literary process at the turn of the century.
In the fall of 1906, Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin wrote one of his most beautiful stories, Shulamith, inspired by the immortal biblical Song of Songs.
The source of Kuprin's legend was the Bible. The plot of the legend - the love story of Solomon and Sulamith - is based on the Old Testament Song of the Songs of Solomon.
The Biblical "Song of Songs" does not seem to have a plot. These are exclamations of love, these are enthusiastic descriptions of nature and praises of the groom, the bride, or the choir that echoes them. From these scattered hymns "Songs" Kuprin builds a story about the great love of King Solomon and a girl named Shulamith. She burns with love for the young and beautiful king Solomon, but jealousy ruins her, intrigues ruin her, and in the end she dies; It is about this death that the lines of the biblical poem "Song of Songs" speak: "Love is strong as death." These are powerful, eternal words.
The legend alternates chapters in which the deeds of King Solomon, his meditations and preaching, the love relationship between Sulamith and Solomon are recreated and described.
The theme of love in this work connects time-specificity and eternity. On the one hand, these are the seven days and nights of love between Solomon and Sulamith, containing all stages of the development of feelings and the tragic finale of love. On the other hand, "tender and fiery, devoted and beautiful love, which is one dearer than wealth, glory and wisdom, which is dearer than life itself, because even life it does not value and is not afraid of death" - that which gives life to humanity, then that is not subject to time, that which connects the individual with the eternal life of mankind.
The organization of artistic time in Kuprin's legend helps the reader to perceive the love that once happened between two people as an extraordinary event, engraved in the memory of generations.
With the general content of the legend, its pathos, with the model of the world created in it, with the emotional structure of images of heroes, with the author's orientation towards the Old Testament and ancient Eastern traditions, the symbolism and emblems of color (paints) and flowers are consistent.
Descriptions of the love of Solomon and Sulamith are also accompanied by a certain color scheme. Red is constant - the color of love. Silver color in this context is important because it means purity, innocence, purity, joy. The symbol of warmth, life, light, activity and energy is the image of fire that appears in the portrait sketches of Sulamith with her "fiery curls" and "red hair". It is no coincidence, of course, that green in landscapes and in the statements of the heroes: green symbolizes freedom, joy, exultation, hope, health. And, of course, white, blue and pink colors evoke quite definite associations in the reader, are filled with metaphorical meanings: tender and beautiful, pure and sublime love of the heroes.
The flowers mentioned in the legendary narrative also have symbolism that helps the author to reveal the meaning of the legend. Lily is a symbol of purity and innocence (note that the lily metaphor was cultivated in the art of romanticism). Narcissus is a symbol of youthful death, in addition, Narcissus is an ancient plant deity of a dying and resurrected nature: the narcissus flower is mentioned in the myth of the abduction of Persephone. Grapes are a symbol of fertility, abundance, vitality and cheerfulness.
The key words that help to reveal this meaning of the legend were the words joy and joy: "heartfelt joy", "joy of the heart", "bright and joyful", "joy", "happiness", "joyful fright", "groan of happiness" ,
"he exclaimed joyfully," "joy of the heart," "great joy illuminated his face, like a golden sunshine," "joyful children's laughter," "his eyes shine with happiness," "joy," "my heart grows with joy," " delight "," There has never been and never will be a woman happier than me. "
The power of love of the heroes, the brightness and spontaneity of its manifestations, described in the legend, the glorification of the feelings and idealization of the heroes, determined the choice of the writer of artistically expressive, emotionally colored figurative and stylistic images. At the same time, they are universal, since they are correlated with the eternal theme of love and have a mythological origin or are included in the circle of traditional literary images. It should be noted that the Kuprin legend is practically indivisible into narrative "plans": real and allegorical, for example. In it, every detail, every word, every image is symbolic, allegorical, conventional. Together, they form an image - a symbol of love, indicated by the name of the legend - "Shulamith".
Before his death, Shulamith says to his beloved: "I thank you, my king, for everything: for your wisdom, to which you allowed me to cling to my lips ... as to a sweet source ... There has never been and never will be a woman happier than me." The main idea of this work: love is strong like death, and it alone, eternal, protects humanity from the moral degeneration that modern society threatens it with. In the story "Shulamith" the writer showed a pure and tender feeling: "The love of the poor girl from the vineyard and the great king will never pass and will not be forgotten, because love is strong as death, because every woman who loves is a queen, because love is beautiful!"
The artistic world created by the writer in the legend, which seems so ancient and conventional, is in fact very modern and deeply individual.
According to the content of "Shulamith": high happiness and the tragedy of true love. By types of heroes: a sage-lover of life and a pure girl. According to the most important source: the most "romantic" part of the Bible is "Song of Songs". According to composition and plot: "epic distance" and approach to modernity ... According to the author's pathos: admiring the world and man, the perception of a true miracle - a man in his best and lofty feelings.
"Shulamith" Kuprin continues the literary and aesthetic tradition associated with the names of Turgenev ("Song of Triumphant Love"), Mamin-Sibiryak ("Tears of the Queen", "Maya"), M. Gorky ("Girl and Death", "Khan and his son "," Wallachian tale "), that is, the names of writers in the genre of literary legend expressing - within the limits of realism - a romantic outlook.
At the same time, "Shulamith" by Kuprin is the writer's aesthetic and emotional response to his era, marked by a sense of transition, renewal, movement to the new, the search for positive principles in life, the dream of realizing the ideal in reality. It was no coincidence that D. Merezhkovsky saw the revival of romanticism in the art and literature of this time. "Shulamith" by A. I. Kuprin is a bright romantic legend.
3. The concept of love in the story of A.I. Kuprin "Garnet Bracelet"
The story "Garnet Bracelet", written in 1907, tells us about true, strong, but unrequited love. It is worth noting that this work is based on real events from the family chronicles of the Tugan-Baranovsky princes. This story has become one of the most famous and profound works of love in Russian literature.
According to many researchers, “everything is masterfully written in this story, starting with its title. The title itself is surprisingly poetic and sonorous.
It sounds like a line of a poem written in iambic tricycle "..
One of the most agonizing stories about love, the saddest one is “The Pomegranate Bracelet”. The most amazing thing in this work is the epigraph: “L. von Bethovn. Son (op. 2 no. 2). Largo Appassionato ”. Here the sadness and delight of love are combined with the music of Beethoven. And how well the refrain was found: "Hallowed be thy name!"
Critics have repeatedly pointed out “that the“ motives ”characteristic of the“ Garnet Bracelet ”were gradually growing in the previous work.
The prototype is not so much of character as of Zheltkov's fate, we find in the story "The First Comer" (1897), that love to self-abasement and even self-destruction, the willingness to die in the name of a beloved woman is a theme touched by an unsure hand in the story "A Strange Case" (1895 ), blossoms in a thrilling, masterfully crafted Pomegranate Bracelet.
Kuprin worked on the "Garnet Bracelet" with great enthusiasm and genuine creative enthusiasm.
According to VN Afanasyev, “Kuprin did not accidentally end his story with a tragic ending, he needed such an ending in order to more strongly emphasize the power of Zheltkov's love for a woman almost unfamiliar to him - love that happens“ once in several hundred years ”.
Before us are typical representatives of the aristocracy of the early 20th century, the Shein family. Vera Nikolaevna Sheina is a beautiful socialite, moderately happy in marriage, lives a calm, dignified life. Her husband, Prince Shein, is a worthy person, Vera respects him.
The first pages of the story are devoted to the description of nature. According to the exact remark of S. Shtilman, "Kuprin's landscape is full of sounds, colors and, in particular, smells ... Kuprin's landscape is highly emotional and does not resemble anyone else's."
As if against their miraculous light background, all events are taking place, a beautiful fairy tale of love is coming true. The coldish autumn landscape of withering nature is similar in essence to the mood of Vera Nikolaevna Sheina. Nothing attracts her in this life, perhaps that is why the brightness of her being is enslaved by routine and dullness. Even during a conversation with her sister Anna, in which the latter admires the beauty of the sea, she replies that at first this beauty also excites her, and then “begins to crush her with her flat emptiness ...”. Vera could not be imbued with a sense of beauty for the world around her. She was not naturally romantic. And, seeing something out of the ordinary, some peculiarity, I tried (albeit involuntarily) to land it, to compare it with the surrounding world. Her life flowed slowly, measuredly, quietly, and, it would seem, satisfied the life principles, without going beyond them. Vera married a prince, yes, but the same exemplary, quiet person as she was.
The poor official Zheltkov, once meeting Princess Vera Nikolaevna, fell in love with her with all his heart. This love leaves no room for other interests of the lover.
VN Afanasyev believes that “it is in the sphere of love that“ the little man shows his great feelings ”in Kuprin's work. It is difficult to agree with his opinion, since the heroes of Kuprin's work can hardly be called "little people", they are capable of holy, great feelings.
And now Vera Nikolaevna receives a bracelet from Zheltkov, the shine of the pomegranates of which plunges her into horror, the thought “like blood” immediately pierces her brain, and now a clear feeling of the impending misfortune weighs on her, and this time it is not empty at all. From that moment on, her calm is destroyed. Vera considered Zheltkov "unhappy", she could not understand the whole tragedy of this love. The expression "happy unhappy person" turned out to be somewhat contradictory. Indeed, in his feelings for Vera Zheltkov experienced happiness.
Leaving forever, he thought that Vera's path would become free, that life would improve and go on as before. But there is no turning back. Parting with Zheltkov's body was the culmination of her life. At this moment, the power of love reached its maximum value, became equal to death.
Eight years of happy, selfless love, requiring nothing in return, eight years of devotion to a sweet ideal, selflessness from one's own principles.
In one short moment of happiness, donating everything that has been accumulated over such a long period of time is not within the power of everyone. But Zheltkov's love for Vera did not obey any models, she was higher than them. And even if its end turned out to be tragic, Zheltkov's forgiveness was rewarded.
Zheltkov leaves this life so as not to interfere with the princess's life, and, dying, thanks her for the fact that she was for him "the only joy in life, the only consolation, one thought." This story is not so much about love as a prayer to her. In his dying letter, the enamored official blesses his beloved princess: “As I leave, I am delighted to say:“ Hallowed be Thy name. ”The crystal palace in which Vera lived crashed, letting in a lot of light, warmth, and sincerity into life. music of Beethoven, it merges with the love of Zheltkov, and with the eternal memory of him.
Saluting the feeling of Zheltkov, VN Afanasyev, however, notes, “And if Kuprin himself, betraying his impressions of Bizet’s opera“ Carmen ”, wrote that“ love is always a tragedy, always a struggle and achievement, always joy and fear, resurrection and death “That feeling of Zheltkov is a quiet, submissive adoration, without ups and downs, without fighting for a loved one, without hopes of reciprocity. Such adoration drains the soul, makes it timid and powerless. Isn't that why Zheltkov, crushed by his love, so willingly agrees to leave this life? "
According to the critic, "The Pomegranate Bracelet" is one of Kuprin's most sincere and beloved works of readers, and yet the seal of some inferiority lies both on the image of its central character, Zheltkov, and on the very feeling for Vera Sheina, who fenced off her love from life with with all her worries and anxieties, closed in his feeling, as in a shell, Zheltkov does not know the true joy of love. "
What was Zheltkov's feeling - was it true love, inspiring, the only one, strong, or insanity, madness that makes a person weak and flawed? What was the hero's death - weakness, cowardice, imbued with fear or strength, a desire not to annoy and leave his beloved? This, in our opinion, is the true conflict of the story.
Analyzing Kuprin's "Garnet Bracelet", Yu. V. Babicheva writes:
"This is a kind of akathist of love ...". A. Chalova comes to the conclusion that when creating the "Garnet Bracelet" Kuprin used the model of the akathist.
"Akathist" is translated from Greek as "a hymn that you cannot sit while performing." It consists of 12 pairs of kontakions and ikos and the last kontakion, which has no pair and is repeated three times, after which 1 ikos and 1 kondak are read. The akathist is usually followed by a prayer. Thus, according to A. Chalova, the akathist can be divided into 13 parts. There are the same number of chapters in The Pomegranate Bracelet. Very often an akathist is based on a consistent description of miracles and deeds in the name of God. In the "Pomegranate Bracelet" this corresponds to love stories, which can be counted at least ten.
Undoubtedly, 13 kontakion is very important. In "Garnet Bracelet" chapter 13 is clearly the climax. The motives for death and forgiveness are clearly indicated in it. And in the same chapter Kuprin includes prayer.
Especially in this story, A.I. Kuprin singled out the figure of the old general
Anosov, who is sure that high love exists, but it "... must be a tragedy, the greatest secret in the world," which does not know any compromises.
According to S. Volkov, "it is General Anosov who will formulate the main idea of the story: Love must be ...". Volkov deliberately breaks off the phrase, emphasizing that “true love, which existed once upon a time, could not disappear, it will definitely return, it just might not have been noticed, not recognized, and unrecognized, it already lives somewhere nearby. Her return will be a real miracle. " It is difficult to agree with Volkov's opinion, General Anosov could not formulate the main idea of the story, since he himself did not experience such love.
“For Princess Vera herself,“ the former passionate love for her husband has long since passed into a feeling of strong, faithful, true friendship; however, this love did not bring her the desired happiness - she is childless and passionately dreams of children. "
According to S. Volkov, "the heroes of the story do not attach real importance to love, they cannot understand and accept all its seriousness and tragedy."
Ardent love or quickly burns out and comes sobering, as in the unsuccessful marriage of General Anosov, or goes "into a feeling of strong, faithful, true friendship" to her husband, like Princess Vera.
And that is why the old general doubted whether this was the kind of love: “love is disinterested, selfless, not waiting for a reward? The one about which it is said - "strong as death." This is how a small, poor official with a dissonant surname loves. Eight years is a considerable period for testing feelings, and, however, over all these years he never for a second forgot it, "every moment of the day was filled with you, with the thought of you ...". And, nevertheless, Zheltkov always remained on the sidelines, not humiliating himself or humiliating her.
Princess Vera, a woman, with all her aristocratic restraint, very impressionable, able to understand and appreciate the beautiful, felt that her life came into contact with this great love, sung by the best poets of the world. And being at the coffin of Zheltkov, who was in love with her, "I realized that the love that every woman dreams of passed her by."
“During the years of reaction,” writes VN Afanasyev, “when decadents and naturalists of all stripes ridiculed and trampled human love into the mud, Kuprin in the story“ The Garnet Bracelet ”showed once again the beauty and greatness of this feeling, but by making his hero capable only on selfless and all-consuming love and while denying him all other interests, he involuntarily impoverished, limited the image of this hero ”..
Selfless love, not waiting for a reward - it is about such disinterested and all-forgiving love, writes Kuprin in the story "Pomegranate Bracelet". Love transforms everyone it touches.
Conclusion
Love in Russian literature is portrayed as one of the main human values. According to Kuprin, “individuality is expressed not in strength, not in dexterity, not in intelligence, not in creativity. But in love! "
An extraordinary strength and sincerity of feeling is characteristic of the heroes of Kuprin's stories. Love, as it were, says: "Where I stand, it cannot be dirty." The natural fusion of the frankly sensual and the ideal creates an artistic impression: the spirit penetrates into the flesh and ennobles it. This, in my opinion, is the philosophy of love in its true sense.
Kuprin's work attracts with its love of life, humanism, love and compassion for a person. The convexity of the image, simple and clear language, precise and subtle drawing, lack of edification, psychologism of characters - all this brings them closer to the best classical tradition in Russian literature.
Love in Kuprin's perception is often tragic. But, perhaps, only this feeling is able to give meaning to human existence. We can say that the writer tests his heroes with love. Strong people (such as Zheltkov, Olesya), thanks to this feeling, begin to glow from within, they are able to carry love in their hearts, no matter what.
As V. G. Afanasyev wrote, “Love has always been the main, organizing theme of all Kuprin's great works. Both in "Shulamith" and in "Pomegranate Bracelet" - a great passionate feeling that inspires the heroes, determines the movement of the plot, contributes to the identification of the best qualities of the heroes. And although the love of Kuprin's heroes is rarely happy and even less often finds an equal response in the heart of the one to whom it is addressed ("Shulamith" is almost the only exception in this respect), its disclosure in all its breadth and versatility gives romantic excitement and elation to the works , elevating above the gray, bleak life, affirming in the minds of readers the idea of the strength and beauty of a genuine and great human feeling ”.
True love is great happiness, even if it ends in separation, death, tragedy. To this conclusion, even if it is late, many of Kuprin's heroes come who have lost, overlooked or themselves destroyed their love. In this late repentance, late spiritual resurrection, the enlightenment of the heroes, there is that cleansing melody that speaks of the imperfection of people who have not yet learned to live. To recognize and cherish real feelings, and about the imperfection of life itself, social conditions, the environment, circumstances that often hinder truly human relationships, and most importantly, about those high emotions that leave an unfading trail of spiritual beauty, generosity, devotion and purity. Love is a mysterious element that transforms a person's life, gives his destiny uniqueness against the background of ordinary everyday stories, fills his earthly existence with a special meaning.
In his stories A.I. Kuprin showed us sincere, devoted, selfless love. Love that every person dreams of. Love, in the name of which you can sacrifice anything, even your life. Love that will survive millennia, overcome evil, make the world beautiful, and people kind and happy.
List of used literature
1. Afanasyev V. N. Kuprin A. I. Critical biographical sketch -
M .: Fiction, 1960.
2. Berkov P. N. Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin. Critical and bibliographic sketch, ed. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, M., 1956
3. Berkova P. N. “A. I. Kuprin "M., 1956
4. Volkov A.A. Creativity of A.I. Kuprin. M., 1962.S. 29.
5. Vorovsky VV Literary critical articles. Politizdat, M., 1956, p. 275.
6. Kachaeva L.A. Kuprin's manner of writing // Russian speech. 1980. No. 2. S.
23.
7. Koretskaya I. Notes // Kuprin A.I. Sobr. op. In 6 volumes. M., 1958.
4, p. 759.
8. Krutikova L.V. A.I. Kuprin. M., 1971
9. Kuleshov V.I. The creative path of A.I. Kuprin, 1883-1907. M., 1983
10. Kuprin A. I. Sulamith: Stories and stories - Yaroslavl: Top.
–Volzhsky Publishing House, 1993 .-- 416 p.
11. Kuprin AI Collected works in 9 volumes. Ed. N. N. Akonova and others. The article by F. I. Kuleshova will be introduced. Vol. 1. Works 1889-1896. M.,
"Fiction", 1970
12. Mikhailov O. Kuprin. ZhZL issue. 14 (619). "Young Guard", 1981 -
270s.
13. Pavvovskaya K. Creativity Kuprin. Abstract. Saratov, 1955, p. eighteen
14. Plotkin L. Literary essays and articles, "Soviet writer", L, 1958, p. 427
15. Chuprinin S. Rereading Kuprin. M., 1991
16. Bakhnenko E. N. "... Everyone can be kind, compassionate, interesting and beautiful soul" To the 125th anniversary of the birth of A. I. Kuprin
// Literature at school. - 1995 - No. 1, p.34-40
17. Volkov S. "Love should be a tragedy" From observations of the ideological and artistic originality of Kuprin's story "Garnet Bracelet" //
Literature. 2002, No. 8, p. eighteen
18. Nikolaeva E. A man was born for joy: to the 125th anniversary of the birth of A.
Kuprin // Library. - 1999, No. 5 - p. 73-75
19. Khablovsky V. In the image and likeness (Kuprin's characters) // Literature
2000, no. 36, p. 2-3
20. Chalova S. Kuprin's "Garnet Bracelet" (Some remarks on the problem of form and content) // Literature 2000 - № 36, p. 4
21. Shklovsky E. At the end of the eras. A. Kuprin and L. Andreev // Literature 2001 -
№ 11, p. 1-3
22. Shtilman S. About the skill of the writer. A. Kuprin's story "Garnet Bracelet" // Literature - 2002 - № 8, p. 13-17
23. "Shulamith" A.I. Kuprin: a romantic legend about love by N.N. Starygin http://lib.userline.ru/samizdat/10215
We tried to find answers to questions about love. This is not to say that they did not solve the problem. Decided! And a striking example of this is the love I.A. - one of the outstanding Nobel Prize laureates, who until the end of his days strove to know the truth of love. The theme of love is no less subtle in Kuprin's work. So what is this "gift of God" (according to these great Russian writers)?
To paraphrase the remark of Paustovsky K.G. that love has thousands of aspects, you can imagine this great feeling in the form of a gem with many facets (or even with an infinite number of them), because the limit is impossible here, and it is not needed .... After all, the end point means the end of everything! Not only to humanity, but also to the Universe. Love is the main goal, the highest meaning of life. This is life itself. It was about such love that A.I Kuprin and I.A. Bunin. In their works, the heroes seek and discover new facets of love, get to know themselves and the world around them through the prism of new understanding.
In the story of A.I. Kuprin "Pomegranate Bracelet" the theme of love is revealed through the inner feelings, experiences, actions of the protagonist, a petty official Zheltkov, to a secular lady - Vera Nikolaevna Sheina. His feeling is deep, humble and unconditional. He knows perfectly well that there is a gap between them - she is a woman from high society, and he is from the middle class, they have different views on life, different inner worldview, and finally, she is married. On the one hand, he does not accept all these conventions, does not abandon her, and from his deep attachment to her, he is ready to carry this "load" .... On the other hand, Zheltkov does not enter into a struggle with society, does not try to prove anything, to win back. He just loves. And he wants only one thing - happiness for his chosen one. Of course, the hero was not understood by his contemporaries. And, most likely, it would not have been accepted in the world today. Why? Most people believe that love is, rather, a partnership, passing passion, respect, friendship, where the most important thing is to observe the principle "you - me, I - you". And, if this rule is violated, then, then, the end of the feeling. And we must leave in search of new passions. How often do we turn away, betray, run away if we don’t like something, doesn’t fit, doesn’t bring happiness. Of course, when a person like Zheltkov appears, who does not back down, and his soul only wants to love him, despite the fact that he is humiliated, insulted, and frankly ignored, he becomes a real “black sheep”. Some laugh at him, like Prince Vasily, for whom the story about turns out to be the main subject for table conversations. Others are openly afraid, because the unknown, the incomprehensible is always frightening, becomes a living threat. Therefore, Vera's brother proposes to introduce punishment for this kind of "crime" - beating with rods. Kuprin's hero dies. All I could say, he said. He fulfilled his mission - he experienced a true feeling, knew that facet of love for which he was born. The hope remains that the princess and the other heroes will understand and experience this endless impulse. Death made his dream come true - the princess thought about her life, about her soul, about her attitude towards her husband, and about what the truth is ...
The theme of love in the works of A. Kuprin . continues in the story "Duel". The title of the work is not accidental. The whole world (and each of us) is the unity and struggle of opposites, black and white, physical and spiritual, calculation and sincerity .... The main character, Lieutenant Romashov, is ready to confront the senselessness of existence in a small military town. He is not ready to put up with the stupid, empty everyday life of the officers, whose members carry out the same assignments in the morning, and spend evenings in games, drunken fights and vulgar romances. His soul is looking for true feelings, that real and sincere, for which it is worth living and moving on. He falls in love with a married lady - Shurochka Nikolaeva. This is not just a hobby or an attempt to escape from the gray everyday life. No, this is love that people dream about, but which they do not recognize in reality. She uses the warmth of the protagonist, sending him to certain death for the sake of her husband's career. Who won and who lost in this "Duel"? Lieutenant Romashov died, he was destroyed, but his soul rose above that small, conventional, vain. Shurochka won, she got what she wanted. But she died inside.
The theme of love in the work of A.I. Kuprin suggests thinking. And choose your path in life. Yes, love is not heaven on earth, rather, it is hard work, giving up your ego, stereotypes, and the conventions of life. But in return, you get much more - this is heaven in your soul. From now on, life becomes harmonious, conscious, fulfilled. A real gift from heaven! But the choice remains with each of us….
The theme of love in Kuprin's work is not an abstract philosophy, these are living people with their thoughts, feelings, ideas. The writer does not condemn or exalt them. Everyone has the right to live life with their own truth. However, not all truth is truth….
Every person has experienced love at least once in his life - be it love for a mother or father, a man or a woman, his child or a friend. Thanks to this all-consuming feeling, people become kinder, more soulful. The theme of love is touched upon in the work of many great writers and poets, it was she who inspired them to create their immortal works.
The great Russian writer A.I. Kuprin wrote a number of works in which he sang pure, ideal, sublime love. Under the pen of A. I. Kuprin
Such wonderful works as the stories “Pomegranate Bracelet”, “Shulamith”, “Olesya”, “Duel” and many others were born that are dedicated to this bright feeling. In these works, the writer showed love of a different nature and different people, but its essence is unchanged - it is limitless.
The story "Olesya", written by AI Kuprin in 1898, shows the all-consuming love of Olesya, a girl from a remote Polesie village, to the master Ivan Timofeevich. During the hunt, Ivan Timofeevich meets Olesya, the granddaughter of the witch Manuilikha. The girl fascinates him with her beauty, delights with pride and self-confidence. And Ivan Timofeevich attracts Olesya with his kindness and intelligence. The main characters fall in love with each other, completely surrendering to their feelings.
Olesya in love shows her best qualities - sensitivity, delicacy, observation, an innate mind and subconscious knowledge of life's secrets. For the sake of her love, she is ready for anything. But this feeling made Olesya defenseless, leading her to death. In comparison with Olesya's love, Ivan Timofeevich's feeling for her is more like a fleeting attraction.
By offering the girl his hand and heart, the main character implies that Olesya, who cannot live away from nature, will move to his city. Vanya does not even think to give up civilization for the sake of Olesya. He turned out to be weak, resigned himself to the prevailing circumstances and did not take any action to be with his beloved.
In the story "Pomegranate Bracelet" love is presented as an unrequited, unselfish, romantic feeling that the protagonist Zheltkov, a petty employee, feels for Princess Vera Nikolaevna Sheina.
The meaning of Zheltkov's life was his letters to his beloved woman, full of pure, selfless love. The princess's husband, a fair and kind person, treats Zheltkov with sympathy and, discarding all prejudices, shows respect for his feelings. However, Zheltkov, realizing the impossibility of his dream and losing all hope of reciprocity, commits suicide.
Moreover, even in the last minutes of his life, he thinks only of his beloved. And only after the death of the protagonist, Vera Nikolaevna realizes that "the love that every woman dreams of has passed her by." This work is deeply tragic and speaks of how important it is to understand the love of another person in time and reciprocate.
In his works A.I. Kuprin demonstrated love as a sincere, devoted and selfless feeling. This feeling is every person's dream, for the sake of which you can sacrifice everything. This is eternal all-conquering love that will make people happy and kind, and the world around us beautiful.
