Lou Salome is the Russian muse of Nietzsche, Rilke and Freud, because of whom half of Europe lost their heads

Lou Salome (Louise Andreas Salome) She couldn't be called a beauty, but she was very brave, independent and smart and knew how to impress men. She was often offered marriage proposals, but she refused - Christian marriage seemed to her a ridiculous idea, and at the age of 17 she declared herself an atheist. She lived with men, but remained a virgin until the age of 30. They were in love with her Friedrich Nietzsche, Rainer Maria Rilke, Sigmund Freud. Why did this unusual woman so attract the attention of the greatest men of her era?

Louise Salome was born in St. Petersburg, in the family of a Russian citizen, German by blood, Gustav von Salome. She considered herself Russian and asked to be called Lelya, until the first man who fell in love with her, the Dutch pastor Guyot, began calling her Lou - it was by this name that she later became known.

She was fascinated by rebel women, like the terrorist Vera Zasulich, whose portrait she kept until the end of her days. In Switzerland, Lou studied philosophy, and in Italy she attended courses for emancipated women. One of the lecturers, 32-year-old philosopher Paul Re, fell in love with a student and proposed to her. She refused, but in return offered to move in together and live like with a brother.

Among Paul Re's friends was the then little-known philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, who was 17 years older than Lu. Nietzsche admitted that he had never met a woman equal to her in intelligence. He asked her to marry him, but she again refused and... invited her to live with her and Paul.

Nietzsche wrote about her: “She is 20 years old, she is fast like an eagle, strong like a lioness, and at the same time a very feminine child. She is amazingly mature and ready for my way of thinking. In addition, she has an incredibly strong character, and she knows exactly what she wants - without asking anyone for advice or caring about public opinion." Nietzsche himself directed the photograph where he and Paul Re are harnessed to a cart driven by this “brilliant Russian.”

Nietzsche went crazy with jealousy, moving from adoration to hatred, calling Lou either his good genius or “the embodiment of absolute evil.” Many biographers claim that it was Lou Salome who became the prototype of his Zarathustra.

Lou finally married a teacher of oriental languages, Friedrich Andreas. The marriage was rather strange: the spouses had no physical intimacy, she was visited by young lovers, and the maid gave birth to a child from her husband.

Rainer Maria Rilke was madly in love with her; she was his mistress for about 3 years. At that time she was 35 years old, Rilke was 21. Together they traveled all over Russia. “Without this woman, I would never have been able to find my path in life,” he said.

In 1910, Lou published the book “Erotica”, in which she wrote: “Nothing distorts love more than fearful adaptation and grinding into each other. But the more and more deeply two people are revealed, the worse the consequences of this grinding have: one loved one is “grafted” onto the other, this allows one to parasitize at the expense of the other, instead of each taking deep, broad roots into their own rich world in order to make it a world and for another."

From St. Petersburg to Rome

Louise Andreas Salome is actually from Russia. She was born in St. Petersburg in 1861 in the family of a Russian citizen, but of German origin, Gustav von Salome. She considered herself Russian and asked to call herself Lelya. The first love of a 17-year-old girl, the Dutch pastor Guyot, who lectured in St. Petersburg, shortens “Louise” to “Lou” - a name that is destined to become famous.

Under his leadership, Lelya began to seriously study philosophy, the history of religion, and languages. She worshiped Guyot as God. And the pastor proposed to her in 1879. The girl was seriously struck by the very thought of the possibility of such an outcome of their relationship - it was a kind of spiritual catastrophe. Over the next decade, sexual intimacy will become absolutely impossible for her.

Guillot's rash step caused the suffering of a long line of men who would experience delight from spiritual intimacy with this girl and despair from her bodily coldness.

Lelya von Salome lived in Russia for the first 20 years of her life - it was here that her character was formed. And yet, by a strange coincidence, glory in Europe and complete obscurity in her homeland awaited her. In 1880, accompanied by her mother (her father died in 1878), she travels to Switzerland, listens to university lectures on philosophy - like many other Russian girls of that time.

Due to poor health, Lou moves to Italy, to Rome. There she attends courses for emancipated women. Lou is generally fascinated by rebels. For example, she kept the portrait of terrorist Vera Zasulich until the end of her days. However, Lelya did not intend to be a revolutionary, just as she later did not intend to be a feminist.

In Rome, Lou falls into the circle of Malvida von Meisenburg, a friend of Garibaldi, Wagner, Nietzsche, and teacher of Herzen’s daughter. One of Lu's teachers is also friends with von Meisenburg. This is Paul Reueux, Nietzsche's friend and positivist philosopher. 32-year-old Reyo fell in love with Louise and decided to propose to her. She refused. But how! The girl offered him a project to create a kind of commune with a chaste life, which would include young people of both sexes who wish to continue their education. She suggests renting a house where everyone has their own room, but everyone has a common living room. Reyo is inspired by the idea, but still asks Lu to marry him. She refuses, she only wants to be his friend. Nothing works with the commune. They go on a journey, visit Paris and Berlin.

Relationship with Nietzsche

In 1882, Reyo introduced Salome to his friend Nietzsche, then an unknown philosopher. Nietzsche, captivated by both her intelligence and beauty, admitted that he had never met a woman equal to her in intelligence. He asked her to marry him, but she again refused and... invited her to live with her and Paul.

Their friendly “trinity” appears, engaged in intellectual conversations, writing and travel. However, Nietzsche also asks for her hand, and is also refused. The question of sexual relations between them remains quite ambiguous. Around this time, 21-year-old Salome is photographed with Reu and Nietzsche, harnessed to a cart, which she pushes with a whip.

Lou Salome in a carriage drawn by Paul Reu and Friedrich Nietzsche (1882)

Nietzsche wrote about her: “She is 20 years old, she is fast like an eagle, strong like a lioness, and at the same time a very feminine child. She is amazingly mature and ready for my way of thinking. In addition, she has an incredibly strong character, and she knows exactly what she wants - without asking anyone for advice or caring about public opinion."

Nietzsche himself directed the photograph where he and Paul Re are harnessed to a cart driven by this “brilliant Russian.” Nietzsche went crazy with jealousy, moving from adoration to hatred, calling Lou either his good genius or “the embodiment of absolute evil.” Many biographers claim that it was Lou Salome who became the prototype of his Zarathustra.

After parting with Nietzsche, Lou Salome continued to move in her own way and only in her own way. She mainly moved in intellectual circles in Europe among famous philosophers, Orientalists, and naturalists. She found herself irritated by the businesslike, sober spirit of the passing century; she clearly yearned for Kantian and Hegelian idealism. Already in 1894, Lou Salome wrote a serious work, “Friedrich Nietzsche in his works.”

The hardest thing was to suspect that such a book could be written by a woman - everything was so objective, clear, and to the point. After the release of this work, Salome was seriously respected. Soon the most prestigious magazines in Europe began publishing it, not only philosophical works, but also fiction. So “Ruth”, “Fenichka”, the collection of stories “Children of Men”, “Adolescent Age”, and the novel “Ma” saw the light of day. Fashion critics such as Georg Brandes, Albrecht Sörgel or Paul Bourget praised her talent.

Marriage

In 1886, Salome met Friedrich Karl Andreas, a university teacher specializing in oriental languages ​​(Turkish and Persian). Friedrich Karl was 15 years older than Lu and firmly wanted to make her his wife.

To show the seriousness of his intentions, he undertook before her eyessuicide attempt - stabbed himself in the chest with a knife.

After much deliberation, Lou agrees to marry him, but with one condition: they will never enter into sexual relations. During the 43 years they lived together, according to biographers who carefully studied all her diaries and personal documents, this never happened. At the same time, both Friedrich and Lou were visited every now and then by young lovers, and the maid gave birth to a child from Louise’s husband. In 1901, Paul Reo died in the mountains, without witnesses. It remains unclear whether it was suicide or an accident.

Louise Andreas Salome with her husband

The first obvious lover is Georg Ledebur, one of the founders of the Social Democratic Party in Germany and the Marxist newspaper Vorwarts, a future member of the Reichstag, whom she met in 1892. Tired of scandals and her husband (who is trying to commit suicide) and from her lover, Lou leaves them both and in 1894 leaves for Paris. There, writer Frank Wedekind becomes one of her many lovers. Despite repeated marriage proposals, she never thought about divorce, she was always the first to leave men.

Georg Ledebur

In 1897, 36-year-old Salome met the aspiring poet, 21-year-old Rilke. She takes him on two trips around Russia (1899, 1900), teaches him the Russian language, and introduces him to the psychologism of Dostoevsky and Tolstoy. Rilke, like many of Lou's other lovers, lives with her and Andreas in their house. He dedicated poems to her, on her advice he changed his “feminine” name - “Rene” to a tougher one - “Rainer”, his handwriting changes and becomes almost indistinguishable from her manner of writing. Four years later, Lou leaves the poet, since he, like many of her lovers before him, wanted her to file for divorce.

“Without this woman I would never have been able to find my path in life,” said Rilke.

They will remain friends for life. Until his death in 1926, the former lovers corresponded with each other.

Rainer Maria Rilke

With Freud

Lou Salome was passionate about psychoanalysis and practiced it herself, working with patients. In 1911, Lu took part in the International Psychoanalytic Congress in Weimar. There she meets Sigmund Freud. At that time it was already 50. They became friends for the next quarter of a century. Freud, with his characteristic sensitivity, did not make proprietary claims on her, which did not lead to her usual disappointments in men.

Sigmund Freud

In collaboration with Anna Freud, she is planning a textbook on the child’s psyche. In 1914, she began working with patients, leaving fiction for science (she wrote 139 scientific articles). Having settled with her husband in Göttingen, she opens a psychotherapeutic practice and works hard.

Nazis

All her life, Lou was arrogant with politics, but with Hitler’s rise to power in 1933, it became impossible not to notice what was happening around her. Manifestations, marches and rallies of young Nazis in all German cities, “Heil Hitler!” endlessly ringing in our ears, unbearable pompous speeches about the superiority of the Aryan race, growing anti-Semitism...

One day, her friend Gertrude Bäumer came running to Lou in horror, shouting: “These blacks (meaning the Nazis) are prowling mental hospitals and want to register all patients with schizophrenia; They say they will destroy them all later!” Salome didn’t believe it, and they rushed to the familiar head physician of the Göttingen clinic. He confirmed the information - doctors hid medical histories from the Nazis at their own peril and risk. Expressing his views on the education of future soldiers of the Third Reich, Hitler was already extremely frank. “My pedagogy is harsh - the weak must perish!” It soon became official regime policy: all schizophrenics were to be physically exterminated.

The attack on psychoanalysis also began. Freud's books were burned in Germany, and it became dangerous to visit his friends and associates, as well as psychoanalysts in general. Lou Salome, who was already over 60, was urged by her friends to leave the country before it was too late. Soon another disturbing news came: Nietzsche's sister, Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche, who married the Nazi Förster, concocted a denunciation against Lou Salome that, firstly, she was a “Finnish Jew” and, secondly, allegedly perverted the heritage of her brother , whom Elizabeth tried in every possible way to serve the authorities as the spiritual father of fascism. Apparently, after so many years, Elisabeth Foerster's hatred of Lou Salome has not diminished at all.

Nietzsche's sister hated Lou Salome so muchthat she wrote a denunciation against her

She died at the age of 76 in 1937, having outlived many of her lovers.

“No matter what pain and suffering life brings,” she wrote shortly before her death, “we must still welcome it. He who fears suffering is also afraid of joy.”

The Nazis burned her library immediately after her death.

The role of women at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries was strictly defined - but some managed to expand its scope a little. Lou Salome became not only a writer who opened Russian culture to the poet Rilke, she shocked the public by creating a philosophical circle with Nietzsche and Re, and later became one of the first practicing female psychoanalysts. On the eve of Salome's birthday, February 12, Bird In Flight remembers her story.

There are three in the old black and white photograph: two men with submissive faces harnessed to a cart driven by a young lady with a whip in her hand. The composition, bold for 1882, is even more intriguing when you consider that the men in the picture are famous philosophers Paul Re and Friedrich Nietzsche. The driver in the tight dress is called Lou Salome.

Louise von Salome was born in 1861 in St. Petersburg, in the family of a Russian general. Lelya, as she was called at home in the Russian manner, was the sixth, youngest child in the family - and the only girl. In the huge apartment on Morskaya, where she spent her childhood, they spoke mainly German and French, which did not prevent Salome from feeling Russian in spirit all her life.

The girl’s independent character first fully manifested itself at the age of 17, when, not finding mutual understanding with the pastor of her parish, she flatly refused to undergo the confirmation ceremony. Lou preferred to choose her own spiritual teacher: he became Hendrik Guyot, a preacher at the Dutch Embassy in St. Petersburg, a favorite of the capital's intelligentsia and mentor to the children of Alexander II. Having first heard the sermon of the brilliantly educated and charismatic Guyot, Lou realized that she had finally found a worthy interlocutor, and immediately sent him a letter: “...Mr. Pastor, a seventeen-year-old girl writes to you, who is lonely in her family and among her environment - lonely in the sense that no one shares her views, not to mention the craving for serious knowledge.”.

in the Protestant tradition - a rite of conscious confession of faith

“...Mr. Pastor, a seventeen-year-old girl who is lonely writes to you<...>in the sense that no one shares her views, not to mention her desire for serious knowledge.”

Shocked by her intelligence, the pastor agrees to take on Louise's education: in classes that she keeps secret from her family, he teaches her philosophy and the history of religion, and discusses Kant, Voltaire, Rousseau and Spinoza with her. And after a year and a half of classes, he suddenly proposes - despite the fact that he has been married for a long time and is raising two daughters, the same age as Lou. The girl's disappointment is immense: the spiritual teacher turned out to be an ordinary man, unable to cope with base passions.

A community of minds that didn't take place

Having answered her mentor with a sharp refusal, 19-year-old Salome goes to Switzerland to continue her education, and later moves to Rome. It was there, in the salon of the progressive writer Malvida von Meisenburg (future nominee for the first Nobel Prize in Literature), that Lou met the positivist philosopher Paul Re in 1882, and he soon introduced her to his friend Friedrich Nietzsche. Young people immediately feel spiritual unity. “From that evening, our daily conversations ended only when I returned home by a roundabout route,- Salome will write in her memoirs. — These walks through the streets of Rome soon brought us so close that a wonderful plan began to mature in me. A dream I had last night convinced me that this plan, which was contrary to the customs of that time, could be realized. I saw in a dream a study room full of books and flowers, with two bedrooms on either side, and friends moving from room to room, united in a cheerful and at the same time serious work circle. I will not deny: our future commonwealth surprisingly exactly corresponded to this dream.”

For some time, friends actually travel together, devoting all their time to conversations and creativity. But the intellectual commune that Lou dreamed of did not work out. Firstly, those around her refused to believe in the sinlessness of this union: Salome’s mother, according to the girl’s recollections, was ready to call on all her sons for help in order to deliver her back to her homeland, alive or dead, and even Malvida, who had free views, was quite shocked. And secondly, the main problem was the participants in the triangle themselves: both men fell in love with their beautiful comrade-in-arms, began, either openly or behind each other’s backs, to propose marriage to her, to be jealous and to weave intrigues.

Salome's mother was ready to call on all her sons for help in order to bring her back to her homeland, alive or dead.

Salome is still not interested in all these “base passions”. And if Re at least managed to endure the refusal with dignity and remain Lou’s friend, then Nietzsche could not tolerate such a blow to his pride: he soon completely broke off relations with her, bombarded her with long letters with claims and reproaches, and subsequently allowed himself several rather ugly statements in her address. It must be said that the girl did everything to soften the refusal and make it less offensive for the philosopher. For example, she explained that if she got married, she would stop receiving a pension from the Russian government, although in reality her decision was not caused by financial reasons. As a reminder of this “triple alliance”, the same infamous photograph with a cart, invented by Nietzsche, remains.

Mysterious marriage

In 1886, a turn took place in the life of 25-year-old Salome, which neither Lou’s circle at the time nor her future biographers could explain: the girl, to the grief of all her admirers and to the joy of her desperate mother, got married. Her chosen one is Friedrich Karl Andreas, a professor at the Department of Iranian Studies at the University of Berlin, a specialist in oriental languages ​​with a more than modest financial position. Actually, at first he, too, was refused, but, without being taken aback, he grabbed a knife from the table and effectively stabbed himself in the chest in front of the astonished girl.

After running half the night looking for a doctor, Lou eventually agrees to marry Andreas. This seems rather strange: Salome never gave the impression of being a person susceptible to blackmail - perhaps she was simply tired of coming up with excuses for suitors, and she decided that marriage would solve this problem once and for all. Even more strange is the condition set for the future husband: their marriage will be purely platonic. Andreas agrees to this ridiculous pact - probably without taking it seriously. If so, he underestimated the strength of character of his chosen one: for all 43 years their marriage will indeed be chaste. The piquancy of the situation will be added by the novels that Lou will openly start on the side, and the fact that Andreas himself will have a daughter in 1905 from his housekeeper Maria Stefan. The housekeeper will die in childbirth, and Lou will raise the girl, also Maria, as her own child and make her her only heir.

Borsch for the poet

At the age of 36, Lou, a famous writer whose prose and scientific articles are published by prominent European publications, meets Rainer Maria Rilke, a still little-known poet fifteen years her junior. “We met in public, then we preferred a solitary life as a threesome, where we had everything in common,- Salome will describe this bizarre union in her memoirs. — Rainer shared with us our humble life in Schmargendorf, not far from Berlin, right next to the forest, and when we walked barefoot through the forest - my husband taught us this - roe deer trustingly came up to us and poked their noses into our coat pockets. In a small apartment where the kitchen was the only room, apart from my husband’s library, suitable for living, Rainer often helped cook, especially when his favorite dish was being cooked - Russian porridge in a pot or borscht.”

Porridge and borscht are not accidental: from the very beginning of their relationship, Salome strives to open Russian culture to Rilke. She teaches the Czech-Austrian poet the Russian language, introduces her to the works of Dostoevsky and Tolstoy, and takes her twice on trips around Russia. During these travels, they visit Moscow and St. Petersburg, sail on ships along the Volga, come to Yasnaya Polyana to visit Tolstoy, and even live for some time in peasant huts. Rilke really falls in love with Russian culture so much that he even tries to write poetry in a new language.

She would break up with him four years later, but as friends they would actively correspond until the poet’s death in 1926. Throughout his life, Rilke would claim that without Salome he would never have been able to find his creative path.

Madam psychoanalyst

In 1911, while attending a congress of psychoanalysts in Weimar, 50-year-old Lou Salome met Sigmund Freud and soon became one of his closest students. After a couple of years of active training, Salome is one of the first practicing female psychoanalysts: she opens a practice in her own home near Göttingen in Germany and spends 10-11 hours a day with patients. It is interesting that all her life she herself refused to participate in psychoanalytic sessions as a patient - and Freud, who considered such experience mandatory for any psychoanalyst, forgave his beloved student this stubbornness.

Lou Salome remained faithful to psychoanalysis until the end of her life, although this turned out to be difficult: the rise of fascism in Germany was marked by an attack on psychotherapy in general and on her personally. Nietzsche’s younger sister Elisabeth played a significant role in the persecution of Salome: having passionately hated Lou since the days of the memorable “Triple Alliance”, she, now the wife of a Nazi, a member of the NSDAP and the head of the philosopher’s archive, finally had the opportunity to take out her anger. In the denunciation concocted by Mrs. Förster-Nietzsche, Salome was accused, firstly, of Jewish origin, and secondly, of perverting the philosopher’s heritage. Although it was Elizabeth herself who was involved in the “perversion of the heritage”: it was she who published, under the name of Nietzsche, the ideologically consistent collection “The Will to Power,” in which she did not hesitate to take quotes out of context, or even outright falsifications.

Salome, however, remained true to herself here: she publicly called Elisabeth a “crazy dropout” and added that Nietzsche was as much a fascist as his sister was a beauty. She flatly refused to emigrate and died on February 5, 1937 in her home near Göttingen.

Lou Salome

Lou Salome, Lou von Salome, Lou Andreas-Salome, Louise Gustavovna Salome(Lou Andreas-Salomé; February 12 - February 5) - famous writer, philosopher, psychotherapist of German-Russian origin, figure in the cultural life of Europe late XIX - early. 20th century, femme fatale who left her mark on the lives of Nietzsche, Freud and Rilke.

Biography

Born in St. Petersburg. The daughter of General Gustav von Salome, the youngest child in the family, had five older brothers. Like all her brothers, S. studied at the oldest German school in the city - Petrishule for a year. The family loses its father, Gustav Salome. The first love of a 17-year-old girl, the Dutch pastor Guyot, who lectured in St. Petersburg, shortens “Louise” to “Lou” - a name that is destined to become famous. In the city, accompanied by her mother, she travels to Switzerland, listens to university lectures - like many other Russian girls of that period (in the Russian Empire at that time there was no higher education for women).

Due to poor health, he moves to Rome, where he joins the circle of Malvida von Meisenbuch, a friend of Garibaldi, Wagner, Nietzsche, and teacher of Herzen’s daughter. One of the visitors to this salon, Nietzsche's friend, philosopher Paul Rée, meets Lou Salome. They feel spiritual unity. The girl offers him a project to create a kind of commune with a chaste life, which would include young people of both sexes who want to continue their education. She suggests renting a house where everyone has their own room, but everyone has a common living room. The German Reyo is inspired by the idea, but still asks Lu to marry him. She refuses, she only wants to be his friend. Nothing works with the commune. They travel, visit Paris, Berlin.

Relationship with Nietzsche

In the city, Rey introduces Salome to his friend Nietzsche, who is captivated by both her intelligence and beauty. Their friendly “trinity” appears, engaged in intellectual conversations, writing and travel. However, Nietzsche also asks for her hand, and is also refused. The question of sexual relations between them remains quite ambiguous. Around this time, 21-year-old Salome is photographed with Reu and Nietzsche, harnessed to a cart, which she pushes with a whip. Nietzsche said that she was the most intelligent of all the people he met and is said to have used her features in Zarathustra. Nietzsche wrote the musical composition “Hymn to Life” based on her poems. But Nietzsche’s sister Elisabeth takes a sharply aggressive position towards the girl, a conflict arises, and together with Lou Reyo is left alone. Nietzsche dies 18 years later (August 25) in a psychiatric clinic, having never married in his life.

In 1886, Salome met Friedrich Carl Andreas, a university teacher specializing in oriental languages ​​(Turkish, Persian). Friedrich Karl Andreas was 15 years older than Lou and firmly wanted to make her his wife. To show the seriousness of his intentions, he attempts suicide in front of her (stabs a knife into his chest). After much deliberation, Lou agrees to marry him, but with one condition: they will never enter into sexual relations. During the 43 years they lived together, according to biographers who carefully studied all her diaries and personal documents, this never happened. In 1901, Paul Reo died in the mountains, without witnesses. It remains unclear whether it was suicide or an accident.

Finally, she does enter into an obvious intimate relationship with a man. It turned out to be Georg Ledebur, one of the founders of the Social Democratic Party in Germany and the Marxist newspaper Vorwarts, a future member of the Reichstag, whom she met in the city. Tired of scandals from both her husband (who is trying to commit suicide) and her lover, Lou leaves them both and in 1894 leaves for Paris. There, writer Frank Wedekind becomes one of her many lovers. Despite numerous marriage proposals, she never thought about divorce and was always the first to leave men. Her literary activities bring her fame.

Relationship with Rilke

In 1897, 36-year-old Salome met an aspiring poet, 21-year-old Rilke. She takes him on two trips around Russia (1899, 1900), teaches him the Russian language, and introduces him to the psychologism of Dostoevsky and Tolstoy. Rilke, like many of Lou's other lovers, lives with her and Andreas in their house. He dedicated poems to her, on her advice he changed his “feminine” name - “Rene” to a tougher one - “Rainer”, his handwriting changes and becomes almost indistinguishable from her manner of writing. Four years later, Lou leaves the poet because... he, like many of her lovers before him, wanted her to file for divorce. Rilke said that without this woman he would never have been able to find his path in life. They will remain friends for life. Until his death in 1926, the former lovers corresponded with each other.

In 1905, her husband Andreas's maid gave birth to his daughter. Lou leaves his illegitimate child in the house, observing his reactions with the meticulousness of a psychoanalyst. In a few years she will adopt her. It was Marie who would remain with her at her deathbed.

Relationship with Freud

In 1911, Lu took part in the International Psychoanalytic Congress in Weimar and met Freud. They become friends for the next quarter century. Freud, with his characteristic sensitivity, did not make proprietary claims on her, which did not lead to her usual disappointments in men. However, she was already 50. Lou Salome mastered psychoanalysis. She is one of his closest students. Her acclaimed book “Erotica” went through 5 reprints in Europe. In collaboration with Anna Freud, she is planning a textbook on the child’s psyche. In 1914, she began working with patients, leaving fiction for the sake of science (she wrote about 139 scientific articles). Having settled with her husband in Göttingen, she opens a psychotherapeutic practice and works hard.

She died in 1937. Immediately after her death in Göttingen, her library was burned by the Nazis.

Works

• Im Kampf um Gott(1885) - “The Battle for the Lord”
• Henrik Ibsens Frauengestalten (1892)
• Friedrich Nietzsche in seinen Werken(1894) - “Friedrich Nietzsche in the mirror of his work”
• Ruth(1895) - story “Ruth”
• Aus fremder Seele (1896)
• Fenitschka. Eine Ausschweifung(1898) - story “Fenechka”
• Menschenkinder(1899) - collection of stories “Children of Men”
• Im Zwischenland (1902)
• Ma (1904)
• Die Erotic(1910) - “Erotica” / “Erotic”
  • Chapter from the book: “Thoughts on the problems of love”
• Rainer Maria Rilke(1928) - “Rainer Maria Rilke”
• Mein Dank an Freud(1931) - "Thanks to Freud"
• In der Schule bei Freud - Tagebuch eines Jahres - 1912/1913(1958) - “At Freud's School”
• Lebensrückblick - Grundriß einiger Lebenserinnerungen(1994) - “My Life” / “Lived and Experienced”
  • Chapter from the book: “The Experience of Friendship”
• Sigmund Freud - Lou Andreas-Salomé: Briefwechsel(1966). Correspondence between Freud and Salome
• Rainer Maria Rilke - Lou Andreas Salomé: Briefwechsel(1952). Correspondence between Rilke and Salome
• “Als käm ich heim zu Vater und Schwester” Lou Andreas-Salomé - Anna Freud: Briefwechsel(2001). Correspondence between Anna Freud and Salome
• Le diable et sa grand-mère(1922). Translation and notes by Pascale Hummel (2005)
• L'heure sans Dieu et autres histoires pour enfants(1922). Translation and notes by Pascale Hummel (2006)

Lou Salome Garmash Larisa

LOU SALOME (the amazing story of the life and adventures of the spirit Lou von Salome)

Lou Salome. FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE IN THE MIRROR OF HIS WORK "Mihi ipsi scripsi!" (“I turn to myself”) - Nietzsche exclaimed more than once in his letters, speaking about any work he had completed. And this means a lot coming from the first stylist of our time, a man who managed

Lou Salome. THE EXPERIENCE OF FRIENDSHIP One evening in March 1882 in Rome, several friends gathered at the house of Malwida von Meysenbuch. Suddenly another call rang. The manager appeared in the room and whispered some amazing news in the hostess’s ear, after which Malvida hurried